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I THAT AM THAT I THAT AM THAT I THAT MAAT IS ISISISIS IS MAAT I AM AT MAAT ALWAYS AT MAAT AM I
CIRCLE = 5 O 5 = ELCRIC CIRCLE ET ELECTRIC ET CIRCLE ELECTRIC CIRCLE ELECTRIC CIRCLE ELECTRIC CIRCLE ET CIRCLE ELECTRIC CIRCLE ELECTRIC CIRCLE ELECTRIC CIRCLE ET ELECTRIC ET CIRCLE CIRCLE = 5 O 5 = ELCRIC ESOTERIC O SECRET I ESOTERIC ESOTERIC 6 SECRET 9 ESOTERIC ESOTERIC O SECRET I ESOTERIC
POP WOW O WOW POP WOW O WOW POP WOW O WOW POP
the supernatural in macbeth essays www.megaessays.com/viewpaper/46333.html They speak in rhymes and use magic words such as,"Thrice to thine, and thrice to mine,/And thrice again, to make up nine." (I.iii.36-37) Also, the witches are ...
shakespeare.mit.edu/macbeth/macbeth.1.3.html
MACBETH ACT 1 SCENE III.
ALL
THRICE TO THINE AND THRICE TO MINE AND THRICE AGAIN TO MAKE UP NINE
THRICE THRICE THRICE 999 THRICE THRICE THRICE
Coup de Grace - World of Warcraft European: Lightbringer server ... coupdegrace.guildportal.com/ Home for the Guild website for Coup de Grace on the World of Warcraft server European: Lightbringer.
Quest:Coup de Grace - Wowpedia - Your wiki guide to the World of ... www.wowpedia.org/Quest:Coup_de_Grace 23 Dec 2010 – Deliver a Coup de Grace on 5 Twilight Skyterrors. ... want to use the Quest boilerplate to fill in this article (see Wowpedia:Boilerplates for help).
WoW Guild Coup de Grace @ Lightbringer :: WoWProgress - World ... www.wowprogress.com/guild/eu/lightbringer/Coup+de+Grace Detailed guild history for Coup de Grace, EU-Lightbringer:
Daily Mail Wednesday, November 14, 2012 Andrew Alexander "Archibishop has to prove that God still counts! "a blessing. . ." "By chance - or, as believers would say, by the mysterious workings of the Holy Spirit. . ." "God and Mammon" "Armageddon" "Crucifixion"
CRUCIFIXION 95 59 NOIXIFICURC
I SAY MOUTH O MOUTH O NORTH AND SOUTH EAST AND WEST
THE DEATH OF GODS IN ANCIENT EGYPT Jane B. Sellars 1992 Page 204 "The overwhelming awe that accompanies the realization, of the measurable orderliness of the universe strikes modern man as well. Admiral Weiland E. Byrd, alone In the Antarctic for five months of polar darkness, wrote these phrases of intense feeling: Here were the imponderable processes and forces of the cosmos, harmonious and soundless. Harmony, that was it! I could feel no doubt of oneness with the universe. The conviction came that the rhythm was too orderly. too harmonious, too perfect to be a product of blind chance - that, therefore there must be purpose in the whole and that man was part of that whole and not an accidental offshoot. It was a feeling that transcended reason; that went to the heart of man's despair and found it groundless. The universe was a cosmos, not a chaos; man was as rightfully a part of that cosmos as were the day and night.10 Returning to the account of the story of Osiris, son of Cronos god of' Measurable Time, Plutarch takes, pains to remind the reader of the original Egyptian year consisting of 360 days. Phrases are used that prompt simple mental. calculations and an attention to numbers, for example, the 360-day year is described as being '12 months of 30 days each'. Then we are told that, Osiris leaves on a long journey, during which Seth, his evil brother, plots with 72 companions to slay Osiris: He also secretly obtained the measure of Osiris and made ready a chest in which to entrap him. The, interesting thing about this part of the-account is that nowhere in the original texts of the Egyptians are we told that Seth, has 72 companions. We have already been encouraged to equate Osiris with the concept of measured time; his father being Cronos. It is also an observable fact that Cronos-Saturn has the longest sidereal period of the known planets at that time, an orbit. of 30 years. Saturn is absent from a specific constellation for that length of time. A simple mathematical fact has been revealed to any that are even remotely sensitive to numbers: if you multiply 72 by 30, the years of Saturn's absence (and the mention of Osiris's absence prompts one to recall this other), the resulting product is 2,160: the number of years required, for one 30° shift, or a shift: through one complete sign of the zodiac. This number multplied by the / Page205 / 12 signs also gives 25,920. (And Plutarch has reminded us of 12) If you multiply the unusual number 72 by 360, a number that Plutarch mentions several times, the product will be 25,920, again the number of years symbolizing the ultimate rebirth. This 'Eternal Return' is the return of, say, Taurus to the position of marking the vernal equinox by 'riding in the solar bark with. Re' after having relinquished this honoured position to Aries, and subsequently to the to other zodiacal constellations. Such a return after 25,920 years is indeed a revisit to a Golden Age, golden not only because of a remarkable symmetry In the heavens, but golden because it existed before the Egyptians experienced heaven's changeability. But now to inform the reader of a fact he or she may already know. Hipparaus did: not really have the exact figures: he was a trifle off in his observations and calculations. In his published work, On the Displacement of the Solstitial and Equinoctial Signs, he gave figures of 45" to 46" a year, while the truer precessional lag along the ecliptic is about 50 seconds. The exact measurement for the lag, based on the correct annual lag of 50'274" is 1° in 71.6 years, or 360° in 25,776 years, only 144 years less than the figure of 25,920. With Hipparchus's incorrect figures a 'Great Year' takes from 28,173.9 to 28,800 years, incorrect by a difference of from 2,397.9 years to 3,024. Since Nicholas Copernicus (AD 1473-1543) has always been credited with giving the correct numbers (although Arabic astronomer Nasir al-Din Tusi,11 born AD 1201, is known to have fixed the Precession at 50°), we may correctly ask, and with justifiable astonishment 'Just whose information was Plutarch transmitting' AN IMPORTANT POSTSCRIPT Of course, using our own notational system, all the important numbers have digits that reduce to that amazing number 9 a number that has always delighted budding mathematician. Page 206 Somewhere along the way, according to Robert Graves, 9 became the number of lunar wisdom.12 This number is found often in the mythologies of the world. the Viking god Odin hung for nine days and nights on the World Tree in order to acquire the secret of the runes, those magic symbols out of which writing and numbers grew. Only a terrible sacrifice would give away this secret, which conveyed upon its owner power and dominion over all, so Odin hung from his neck those long 9 days and nights over the 'bottomless abyss'. In the tree were 9 worlds, and another god was said to have been born of 9 mothers. Robert Graves, in his White Goddess, Is intrigued by the seemingly recurring quality of the number 72 in early myth and ritual. Graves tells his reader that 72 is always connected with the number 5, which reflects, among other things, the five Celtic dialects that he was investigating. Of course, 5 x 72= 360, 360 x 72= 25,920. Five is also the number of the planets known to the ancient world, that is, Saturn, Jupiter, Mars, Venus Mercury. Graves suggests a religious mystery bound up with two ancient Celtic 'Tree Alphabets' or cipher alphabets, which as genuine articles of Druidism were orally preserved and transmitted for centuries. He argues convincingly that the ancient poetry of Europe was ultimately based on what its composers believed to be magical principles, the rudiments of which formed a close religious secret for centuries. In time these were-garbled, discredited and forgotten. Among the many signs of the transmission of special numbers he points out that the aggregate number of letter strokes for the complete 22-letter Ogham alphabet that he is studying is 72 and that this number is the multiple of 9, 'the number of lunar wisdom'. . . . he then mentions something about 'the seventy day season during which Venus moves successively from. maximum eastern elongation 'to inferior conjunction and maximum western elongation'.13 Page 207 "...Feniusa Farsa, Graves equates this hero with Dionysus. Farsa has 72 assistants who helped him master the 72 languages created at the confusion of Babel, the tower of which is said to be built of 9 different materials We are also reminded of the miraculous translation into Greek of the Five Books of Moses that was done by 72 scholars working for 72 days, Although the symbol for the Septuagint is LXX, legend, according to the fictional letter of Aristeas, records 72. The translation was done for Ptolemy Philadelphus (c.250 BC), by Hellenistic Jews, possibly from Alexandra.14 Graves did not know why this number was necessary, but he points out that he understands Frazer's Golden Bough to be a book hinting that 'the secret involves the truth that the Christian dogma, and rituals, are the refinement of a great body of primitive beliefs, and that the only original element in Christianity- is the personality of Christ.15 Frances A. Yates, historian of Renaissance hermetisma tells, us the cabala had 72 angels through which the sephiroth (the powers of God) are believed to be approached, and further, she supplies the information that although the Cabala supplied a set of 48 conclusions purporting to confirm the Christian religion from the foundation of ancient wisdom, Pico Della Mirandola, a Renaissance magus, introduced instead 72, which were his 'own opinion' of the correct number. Yates writes, 'It is no accident there are seventy-two of Pico's Cabalist conclusions, for the conclusion shows that he knew something of the mystery of the Name of God with seventy-two letters.'16 In Hamlet's Mill de Santillana adds the facts that 432,000 is the number of syllables in the Rig-Veda, which when multiplied by the soss (60) gives 25,920" (The reader is forgiven for a bit of laughter at this point) The Bible has not escaped his pursuit. A prominent Assyriologist of the last century insisted that the total of the years recounted mounted in Genesis for the lifetimes of patriarchs from the Flood also contained the needed secret numbers. (He showed that in the 1,656 years recounted in the Bible there are 86,400 7 day weeks, and dividing this number yields / Page 208 / 43,200.) In Indian yogic schools it is held that all living beings exhale and inhale 21,600 times a day, multiply this by 2 and again we have the necessary 432 digits. Joseph Campbell discerns the secret in the date set for the coming of Patrick to Ireland. Myth-gives this date-as-the interesting number of AD.432.18 Whatever one may think-of some of these number coincidences, it becomes difficult to escape the suspicion that many signs (number and otherwise) - indicate that early man observed the results of the movement of Precession and that the - transmission of this information was considered of prime importance. With the awareness of the phenomenon, observers would certainly have tried for its measure, and such an endeavour would have constituted the construction-of a 'Unified Field Theory' for nothing less than Creation itself. Once determined, it would have been information worthy of secrecy and worthy of the passing on to future adepts. But one last word about mankind's romance with number coincidences.The antagonist in John Updike's novel, Roger's Version, is a computer hacker, who, convinced, that scientific evidence of God's existence is accumulating, endeavours to prove it by feeding -all the available scientific information. into a comuter. In his search for God 'breaking, through', he has become fascinated by certain numbers that have continually been cropping up. He explains them excitedly as 'the terms of Creation': "...after a while I noticed that all over the sheet there seemed to hit these twenty-fours Jumping out at me. Two four; two, four. Planck time, for instance, divided by the radiation constant yields a figure near eight times ten again to the negative twenty-fourth, and the permittivity of free space, or electric constant, into the Bohr radius ekla almost exactly six times ten to the negative twenty-fourth. On positive side, the electromagnetic line-structure constant times Hubble radius - that is, the size of the universe as we now perceive it gives us something quite close to ten to the twenty-fourth, and the strong-force constant times the charge on the proton produces two point four times ten to the negative eighteenth, for another I began to circle twenty-four wherever it appeared on the Printout here' - he held it up his piece of stripped and striped wallpaper, decorated / Page 209 /
with a number of scarlet circles - 'you can see it's more than random.'19 So much for any scorn directed to ancient man's fascination with number coincidences. That fascination is alive and well, Just a bit more incomprehensible"
IN OUR TIME Last broadcast on Thu, 18 Dec 2003, 21:30 on BBC Radio 4 "Melvyn Bragg and guests discuss the feat of astonishing intellectual engineering which provides us with millions of words in hundreds of languages. At the start of the twentieth century, in the depths of an ancient Egyptian turquoise mine on the Sinai peninsular, an archaeologist called Sir Flinders Petrie made an exciting discovery. Scratched onto rocks, pots and portable items, he found scribblings of a very unexpected but strangely familiar nature. He had expected to see the complex pictorial hieroglyphic script the Egyptian establishment had used for over 1000 years, but it seemed that at this very early period, 1700 BC, the mine workers and Semitic slaves had started using a new informal system of graffiti, one which was brilliantly simple, endlessly adaptable and perfectly portable: the Alphabet. This was probably the earliest example of an alphabetic script and it bears an uncanny resemblance to our own. Did the alphabet really spring into life almost fully formed? How did it manage to conquer three quarters of the globe? And despite its Cyrillic and Arabic variations and the myriad languages it has been used to write, why is there essentially only one alphabet anywhere in the world?"
Mobile phone message from Dennis dated Friday, January 21, 2011. Timed at 16:36:13
"This year we will experience 4 unusual dates.........
1/ 1/ 11.
1/ 11/ 11.
11/ 1/ 11 and 11/ 11/ 11.
NOW figure this out.........Take the last 2 digits of the year you were born plus the age you will be this year and it WILL EQUAL 111..."
HERE THE GARBLED MESSAGE ENDS
THE ENGLISH ANGEL Peter Burton & Harland Walshaw 2000 Page 5 Angles & Angels The Venerable Bede tells the story of the slave boys from Northumbria in the Forum at Rome. St Gregory, struck by their fair hair and blue eyes, asks their nationality. When told that they are Angles, he replies, with one of those rare puns that work in two languages, 'Non Angli, sed angeli.' Not Angles, but angels.
"NON ANGLI SED ANGELI" NOT ANGLES BUT ANGELS
GODS AND SPACEMAN IN THE ANCIENT EAST W. Raymond Drake 1968 "Ugartic texts refer to Yawe as a younger God, the son of El;"
YAWE - EYWA
What does EYWA stand for? EYWA meaning and definition. EYWA The meaning of EYWA. What EYWA stands for. The definition of EYWA Eastern Yellow Wagtail [Common English name] [Scientific name: Motacilla Tschutschensis] [American Ornithologists Union four-character bird identification]
Eywa - James Cameron's Avatar Wiki - Sam Worthington, Zoe Saldana Eywa is the guiding force and deity of Pandora and the Na'vi. The Na'vi believe that Eywa acts to keep the ecosystem of Pandora in perfect equilibrium. james-camerons-avatar.wikia.com/wiki/Eywa-
Talk:Eywa - James Cameron's Avatar Wiki - Sam Worthington, Zoe Saldana 27 Jan 2011 ... Please tell me how Yahweh relates to Eywa? just because they ... james-camerons-avatar.wikia.com/wiki/Talk:Eywa -
Show more results from wikia.comAvatar (2009 film) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 2 visits - 4/15/10On the eve of battle, Jake prays to Eywa, via a neural connection to the Tree of ... He arrives on Pandora at the same time as Sully and operates an avatar. ...
ATOM AT OM AT ATOM T HE HOURS OF HORUS NOW IS IS NOW HEAR ME I SAY I SAY I ME HEAR HERMES THE MESSENGER THE MESSENGER HERMES
I AM AT I AT AM AM AT MAAT I AM I AM I MAAT AT AM
Mayan Prophecy 2012: Entering Our Galactic DayThe Mayans had a very precise understanding of our solar system's cycles and ... And would coincide with an unprecedented planetary alignment, the 'Grand ... Mayan Prophecy 2012: Entering Our Galactic Day Many of us are aware of the Mayan calendar but not many people truly understand what it means and how it works. Yes the calendar does end on December 21, 2012, but what does that mean? How does it come to that? What is their calendar based off of? The Mayans had a very precise understanding of our solar system's cycles and believed that these cycles coincided with our spiritual and collective consciousness. The most significant of which has much to do with the 2012 prophecies. In the following writing, we will walk through the main details of their prophecies surrounding the 2012 transition. How the transition takes place (from an astronomical perspective), what it means for us, and when the cycles take place. We'll start with the basic prophecies and later move deeper into the explanation of the cycles. The Mayans prophesied that from 1999 we have 13 years to realize the changes in our conscious attitude to stray from the path of self-destruction and instead move onto a path that opens our consciousness to integrate us with all that exists. The Mayans knew that our Sun, or Kinich-Ahau, every so often synchronized with the enormous central galaxy. And from this central galaxy received a 'spark' of light which causes the Sun to shine more intensely producing what our scientists call 'solar flares' as well as changes in the Sun's magnetic field. The Mayans say that this happens every 5,125 years. But also that this causes a displacement in the earths rotation, and because of this movement great catastrophes would be produced. The Mayans believed the universal processes, like the 'breathing' of the galaxy, are cycles that never change. What changes is the consciousness of man that passes through it. Always in a process toward more perfection. Based on their observations, the Mayans predicted that from the initial date of the start of their civilization, 4 Ahau, 8 Cumku which is 3113 B.C., after one cycle being completed 5,125 years in their future, December 21st, 2012. The Sun, having received a powerful ray of synchronizing light from the center of the galaxy, would change its polarity which would produce a great cosmic event that would propel human kind to be ready to cross into a new era, The Golden Age. It is after this, that the Mayans say we will be ready to go through the door that was left by them, transforming our civilization based on fear to a vibration much higher in harmony. Only from our individual efforts could we avoid the path to great cataclysm that our planet will suffer to start a new era, the sixth cycle of the Sun. The Mayan civilization was in the fifth cycle of the Sun, and there were four other great civilizations before them that were destroyed by great natural disasters. They believed that each cycle was just one stage in the collective consciousness of humanity.
2012 phenomenon - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The Chilam Balam are a group of post-conquest Mayan prophetic histories ..... A third suggested alignment is a planetary conjunction on December 21, 2012. ... ALL ABOUT 2012The End of the Mayan Calendar After Dec. 21, 2012. Planetary Alignment Sept. 8, 2040 .... See: Mayan Prophecy of the End of the Great Cycle ...Survival and Self-Sufficiency Links - THE MAYAN CALENDAR and THE ... Mayan Prophecy 2012: Entering Our Galactic DayAnd would coincide with an unprecedented planetary alignment, the 'Grand ... The Mayan prophecy tells us that in 1999, our solar system began to leave the ... Doomsday, The Mayan Calendar and 2012ViewZone asked me to write a story about the Mayan Calendar. There is a common belief that the calendar holds a prophecy that the world will end in 2012. ... Do the 2012 Mayan Prophecies Foretell the End Times? - 2012 Planet ...23 Nov 2010 ... It is important when we consider the End Times in relation to the. 2012: Mayan Prophecy and the Shift of the Ages2 Jan 2011 ... 2012: ODYSSEY OF TIME: MAYAN PROPHECY AND THE SHIF (DVD MOVIE ... Show more results from 2012planetalignment.orgBeyond 2012 page 1However, this planetary alignment is due on 24 December 2011, which is the date given by ... Mayan Tribal Prophecy; Hunbatz Men, a modern Mayan Daykeeper, ... December 21 2012 Predictions – The 2012 End of The World ?It is thought that this rare planetary alignment could signal a shift in the ... else the 2012 end of the world prophesy that is brought about by the Mayan ... 2012 Planet Alignment - What Will Happen on 2012?5 Sep 2009 ... The theory held by ancient Mayan prophecies as well as our modern day predictions regarding the 2012 planet alignment is often called as ... Mayan Calendar coming to a End | 2012 Planet Alignment23 Mar 2009 ... 2012 Planet Alignment - Destruction or Revelation ... For many years i have known about the Mayan Calendar coming to a end on December 21, ...
2012 phenomenon - Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaThe Chilam Balam are a group of post-conquest Mayan prophetic histories ..... A third suggested alignment is a planetary conjunction on December 21, 2012. ... A date inscription for the Mayan Long CountThe 2012 phenomenon comprises a range of eschatological beliefs that cataclysmic or transformative events will occur on December 21, 2012,[1][2][3] which is said to be the end-date of a 5,125-year-long cycle in the Mayan Long Count calendar. Various astronomical alignments and numerological formulae related to this date have been proposed. A New Age interpretation of this transition posits that during this time Earth and its inhabitants may undergo a positive physical or spiritual transformation, and that 2012 may mark the beginning of a new era.[4] Others suggest that the 2012 date marks the end of the world or a similar catastrophe. Scenarios posited for the end of the world include the Earth's collision with a passing planet (often referred to as "Nibiru") or black hole, or the arrival of the next solar maximum. Scholars from various disciplines have dismissed the idea of catastrophe in 2012. Mainstream Mayanist scholars state that predictions of impending doom are not found in any of the existing classic Maya accounts, and that the idea that the Long Count calendar "ends" in 2012 misrepresents Maya history.[3][5] The modern Maya do not consider the date significant, and the classical sources on the subject are scarce and contradictory, suggesting that there was little if any universal agreement among them about what, if anything, the date might mean.[6] Additionally, astronomers and other scientists have rejected the apocalyptic forecasts as pseudoscience, stating that the anticipated events are contradicted by simple astronomical observations.[7] NASA has compared fears about 2012 with those about the approaching millennium in the late 1990s, suggesting that an adequate analysis should preclude fears of disaster.[7] None of the proposed alignments or formulas have been accepted by mainstream scholarship.
2012 phenomenon - Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaThe Chilam Balam are a group of post-conquest Mayan prophetic histories ..... A third suggested alignment is a planetary conjunction on December 21, 2012. ...
The Oxford Book of English Verse: 1250–1900. John Donne. 1573–1631. 196. ... Or who cleft the Devil's foot; Go and catch a falling star,
One pill makes you larger "KEEP YOUR HEAD"
Label RCA Victor
Writer(s) Grace Slick Producer Rick Jarrard Jefferson Airplane singles chronology Music sample "White Rabbit" "White Rabbit" is a song from Jefferson Airplane's 1967 album Surrealistic Pillow. It was released as a single and became the band's second top ten success, peaking at #8[1] on the Billboard Hot 100. The song was ranked #478 on Rolling Stone's list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time,[2] #27 on Rate Your Music's Top Singles of All Time and appears on The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame's 500 Songs that Shaped Rock and Roll.
Contents
1 History 2 Lyrics and composition 3 Genesis 4 Covers 5 Sampled 6 Uses in other media 7 References 8 External links [edit] History“White Rabbit” was written by Grace Slick while she was still with The Great Society. When that band broke up in 1966, Slick was invited to join Jefferson Airplane to replace their departed female singer Signe Toly Anderson, who left the band with the birth of her child. The first album Slick recorded with Jefferson Airplane was Surrealistic Pillow, and Slick provided two songs from her previous group: her own “White Rabbit” and “Somebody to Love”, written by Darby Slick and recorded under the title "Someone to Love" by The Great Society. Both songs became breakout successes for Jefferson Airplane and have ever since been associated with that band.[3]
[edit] Lyrics and composition
1967 trade ad for the single.One of Grace Slick's earliest songs, written during either late 1965 or early 1966, uses imagery found in the fantasy works of Lewis Carroll: 1865's Alice's Adventures in Wonderland and its 1871 sequel Through the Looking-Glass such as changing size after taking pills or drinking an unknown liquid. It is commonly thought that these are also references to the hallucinatory effects of psychedelic drugs, such as LSD and psilocybin mushrooms. Characters referenced include Alice, the hookah-smoking caterpillar, the White Knight, the Red Queen, and the Dormouse. For Grace and others in the '60s, drugs were a part of mind-expanding and social experimentation. With its enigmatic lyrics, "White Rabbit" became one of the first songs to sneak drug references past censors on the radio. Even Marty Balin, Grace's eventual rival in the Airplane, regarded the song as a "masterpiece." In interviews, Grace has related that Alice in Wonderland was often read to her as a child and remained a vivid memory into her adult years.
Set to a crescendo similar to that of Ravel's famous Boléro, as used in the Miles Davis and Gil Evans album, Sketches of Spain, and a horn arrangement by Spencer Dryden,[4] the music combined with the song's lyrics strongly suggests the sensory distortions experienced with hallucinogens, and the song was later utilized in pop culture to imply or accompany just such a state.
[edit] GenesisWhile the Red Queen and the White Knight are both mentioned in the song, the references differ from Lewis Carroll's original text, wherein the White Knight does not talk backwards and it is the Queen of Hearts, not the Red Queen, who says "Off with her head!" However, in the movie Alice In Wonderland (1951), the Queen of Hearts is often referred to as the Red Queen.
The last lines of the song are: "Remember what the Dormouse said. Feed your head. Feed your head." They do not explicitly quote the Dormouse as is often assumed. "Remembering what the Dormouse said" probably refers to Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, Chapter XI: "Who Stole the Tarts", wherein a very nervous Mad Hatter is called to testify:
" 'But what did the Dormouse say?' one of the jury asked."
" 'That I can't remember', said the Hatter."
Jerusalem - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 11:26amThe form Yerushalayim (Jerusalem) first appears in the Bible, in the book of ... Religious significance of Jerusalem - History of Jerusalem - Jerusalem in Christianity http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerusalem JerusalemFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia יְרוּשָׁלַיִם (Yerushalayim), القُدس (al-Quds) From upper left: Jerusalem skyline viewed from Mamilla, the Old City and the Dome of the Rock, a souq in the Old City, the Knesset, the Western Wall, the Tower of David and the Old City walls Flag JerusalemLocation of Jerusalem
Jerusalem Jerusalem(Hebrew: יְרוּשָׁלַיִם (audio) (help·info), Yerushaláyim, "Abode of Peace"; Arabic: القُدس (audio) (help·info), al-Quds [al-Sharif], "The Holy Sanctuary")[ii] is the capital of Israel, though not internationally recognized as such.[iii] If the area and population of East Jerusalem is included, it is Israel's largest city[1] in both population and area,[2] with a population of 763,800 residents over an area of 125.1 km2 (48.3 sq mi).[3][4][iv] Located in the Judean Mountains, between the Mediterranean Sea and the northern edge of the Dead Sea, modern Jerusalem has grown far beyond the boundaries of the Old City. Jerusalem is a holy city to the three major Abrahamic religions—Judaism, Christianity and Islam. In Judaism, Jerusalem has been the holiest city since, according to the Torah, King David of Israel first established it as the capital of the united Kingdom of Israel in c. 1000 BCE, and his son Solomon commissioned the building of the First Temple in the city.[5] In Christianity, Jerusalem has been a holy city since, according to the New Testament, Jesus was crucified in c. 30 CE and 300 years later Saint Helena found the True Cross in the city. In Sunni Islam, Jerusalem is the third-holiest city.[6][7] It became the first Qibla, the focal point for Muslim prayer (Salah) in 610 CE,[8] and, according to Islamic tradition, Muhammad made his Night Journey there ten years later.[9][10] As a result, and despite having an area of only 0.9 square kilometres (0.35 sq mi),[11] the Old City is home to sites of key religious importance, among them the Temple Mount, the Western Wall, the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, the Dome of the Rock and al-Aqsa Mosque. During its long history, Jerusalem has been destroyed twice, besieged 23 times, attacked 52 times, and captured and recaptured 44 times.
JERUSALEM GODS OPEN CITY OPEN
INRI - Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaINRI is an acronym of the Latin inscription IESVS·NAZARENVS·REX·IVDÆORVM (Iesus Nazarenus, Rex Iudaeorum), which translates to English as "Jesus the ... Western Christianity - Eastern Christianity - Versions - See also
INRI is an acronym of the Latin inscription IESVS·NAZARENVS·REX·IVDÆORVM (Iesus Nazarenus, Rex Iudaeorum), which translates to English as "Jesus the Nazarene (Galilean), King of the Jews (Judeans)". The Greek equivalent of this phrase, Ἰησοῦς ὁ Ναζωραῖος ὁ βασιλεὺς τῶν Ἰουδαίων (Iesous ho Nazoraios ho Basileus ton Ioudaion), appears in the New Testament of the Christian Bible in the Gospel of John (19:19). Each of the other accounts of Jesus' death has a slightly different version for the inscription on Jesus' cross: Matthew (27:37), "This is Jesus, the King of the Jews"; Mark (15:26), "The King of the Jews"; and Luke (23:38), "This is the King of the Jews." John and Luke state it was written in Hebrew, Greek, and Latin, while Matthew and Mark describe it as the charge for crucifying Jesus. Luke states that it was a statement hung above Jesus's head. Since John's form is the most complete it is the one that is usually found on depictions of the Crucifixion of Jesus. In the Gospel of John (19:19-20), the inscription is explained: And Pontius Pilate wrote a title, and put it on the cross. And the writing was JESUS OF NAZARETH THE KING OF THE JEWS. This title then read many of the Jews: for the place where Jesus was crucified was nigh to the city: and it was written in Hebrew, and Greek, and Latin. (King James Version) According to all four Gospels, Pilate challenged Jesus to deny that he was the "King of the Jews" and Jesus did not deny the accusation.[1] According to John, the chief priests asked Pilate to change the inscription so that it did not say "the King of the Jews", but rather, "This man said he was the King of the Jews", but Pilate refused to change it, saying, "What I have written, I have written". (John 19:20-22)
CRUCIFIXION 393396965 CRUCIFIXION
HEBREW WE B HE R HE B WE R HEBREW
THE FIRST KNESSET FIRST
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I ME YOU I YOU R HUMAN R GODS CHOSEN PEOPLES CHOSEN GODS MESSAGE TRANSMITTING IS IS TRANSMITTING MESSAGE PEOPLES OF PLANET EARTH LOVE EVOLVE EVOLVE LOVE EVOLUTION R EVOLUTION MENTAL EVOLUTION IS IS MIND UNIVERSAL MIND IS IS EVOLUTION MENTAL IS SPIRITUAL EVOLVEMENT GODS EVOLVEMENT SPIRITUAL IS THAT THAT THAT GOES AROUND COMES AROUND REVOLVER EVOLVER GODS EVOLVER REVOLVER DIVINE IMMORTAL THOUGHT R U O U R THOUGHT IMMORTAL DIVINE
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I SAY HAVE I MENTIONED GODS DIVINE THOUGHT HAVE I O I HAVE I SAY O I SAY HAVE I MENTIONED REAL REALITY REVEALED I HAVE O I SAY ,,,,, of Allah ] Indeed, in going through the Quran and authentic hadith of the Prophet (peace be upon him) many scholars have been able to discover more than ninety-nine names of Allah. abdurrahman.org/tawheed/hadith99names.htmlAllah's Names and Attributes islam.about.com/od/godallah/a/names.htmAmazon.co.uk: 99 names of allah www.amazon.co.uk/99-names-allah/s?ie=UTF8&keywords=99%20names%20of%20allah&rh=i%3Aaps...99 Names of Allah www.halalco.com/99nofallah.html99 Names of ALLAH Azza Wa Jul :.. http://www.NooreMadinah.net www.nooremadinah.net/Documents/YaALLAH/99Names/99Names.aspEsmaul Husna The 99 Beautiful Names of Allah Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger as saying: There are ninety-nine names of Allah; he who commits them to memory would get into Paradise. islamicdialog.org/presantations/Esmaul%20Husna.ppt · PPT fileThe Ninety Nine Names Of Allah - First 33 Names the99names.comkhawajagharibnawaz.com khawajagharibnawaz.com/Allah.htmAllah names - Allah baby names Ali... The name is one of the ninety-nine attributes of Allah proposed by Muhammad as ... www.thinkbabynames.com/search/1/allahBeautiful Names - Asma-ul-Husna [ Names of Allah ] ahadees.com/names_of_allah
HOLY BIBLE REVELATION C 1 V 21
2 In the midst of the street of it, and on either side of the river, was there the tree of life, which bare twelve manner of fruits, and yielded her fruit every month: and the leaves of the tree were for the healing of the nations. 3 And there shall be no more curse: but the throne of God and of the Lamb shall be in it; and his servants shall serve him: 4And they shall see his face; and his name shall be in their foreheads. 5 And there shall be no night there; and they need no candle, neither light of the sun; for the Lord God giveth them light: and they shall reign for ever and ever. 6 And he said unto me, These sayings are faithful and true: and the Lord God of the holy prophets sent his angel to shew unto his servants the things which must shortly be done. 7 Behold, I come quickly: blessed is he that keepeth the sayings of the prophecy of this book. 8 And I John saw these things, and heard them. And when I had heard and seen, I fell down to worship before the feet of the angel which shewed me these things. 9Then saith he unto me, See thou do it not: for I am thy fellowservant, and of thy brethren the prophets, and of them which keep the sayings of this book: worship God. 10 And he saith unto me, Seal not the sayings of the prophecy of this book: for the time is at hand. 11 He that is unjust, let him be unjust still: and he which is filthy, let him be filthy still: and he that is righteous, let him be righteous still: and he that is holy, let him be holy still. 12 And, behold, I come quickly; and my reward is with me, to give every man according as his work shall be. 13 I am Alpha and Omega, the beginning and the end, the first and the last. 14 Blessed are they that do his commandments, that they may have right to the tree of life, and may enter in through the gates into the city. 15 For without are dogs, and sorcerers, and whoremongers, and murderers, and idolaters, and whosoever loveth and maketh a lie. 16 I Jesus have sent mine angel to testify unto you these things in the churches. I am the root and the offspring of David, and the bright and morning star. 17 And the Spirit and the bride say, Come. And let him that heareth say, Come. And let him that is athirst come. And whosoever will, let him take the water of life freely. 18 For I testify unto every man that heareth the words of the prophecy of this book, If any man shall add unto these things, God shall add unto him the plagues that are written in this book: 19 And if any man shall take away from the words of the book of this prophecy, God shall take away his part out of the book of life, and out of the holy city, and from the things which are written in this book. 20 He which testifieth these things saith, Surely I come quickly. Amen. Even so, come, Lord Jesus. 21 The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you all. Amen.
HOLY BIBLE REVELATION C 13 V 16 13 I am Alpha and Omega, the beginning and the end, the first and the last. 16 I Jesus have sent mine angel to testify unto you these things in the churches. I am the root and the offspring of David, and the bright and morning star.
HOLY BIBLE REVELATION C 13 V 16 I AM ALPHA AND OMEGA THE BEGINNING AND THE END THE FIRST AND THE LAST I AM THE ROOT AND OFF SPRING OF DAVID AND THE BRIGHT AND MORNING STAR
Search ResultsJohn 21:15-17 Who do you love? | Christian Apologetics and ... - 1:09pmIn Greek in the Bible, there are three words for love: eros, phileo, and agapao ... 16); poimane ta probata mou; Feed My sheep (v. 17). Boske ta probata mou ... John 21:15-17 Who do you love? Introduction 1.In Greek in the Bible, there are three words for love: eros, phileo, and agapao
SAINT JOHN CHAPTER 10 VERSES 1 - 18
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Web definitions for esoteric
confined to and understandable by only an enlightened inner circle; "a compilation of esoteric philosophical theories" wordnetweb.princeton.edu/perl/webwn - Definition in context ►Search Resultsesoteric - definition of esoteric by the Free Online Dictionary ... es·o·ter·ic ( s -t r k). adj. 1. a. Intended for or understood by only a particular group: an esoteric cult. See Synonyms at mysterious. ... www.thefreedictionary.com/esoteric -r Esoteric - Definition and More from the Free Merriam-Webster ... es·o·ter·ic. adj \ˌe-sə-ˈter-ik, -ˈte-rik\. Definition of ESOTERIC. 1. a : designed for or understood by the specially initiated alone <a body of esoteric ...
www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/esoteric - Esoteric | Define Esoteric at Dictionary.com understood by or meant for only the select few who have special knowledge or interest; recondite: poetry full of esoteric allusions. ...
dictionary.reference.com/browse/esoteric - Esotericism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The term esoteric first appeared in English in the 1701 History of ... His definition is based on the presence in these currents of four essential traits: a ...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esotericism - esoteric - Definition of esoteric at YourDictionary.com adjective. intended for or understood by only a chosen few, as an inner group of disciples or initiates: said of ideas, literature, etc. ...
www.yourdictionary.com › Dictionary Definitions - esoteric - definition of esoteric by the Online Dictionary from ... Definition of esoteric in the Online Dictionary. Multiple meanings, detailed information and synonyms for esoteric.
onlinedictionary.datasegment.com/word/esoteric - esoteric: Definition, Synonyms from Answers.com esoteric adj. Intended for or understood by only a particular group: an esoteric cult. See synonyms at mysterious.
www.answers.com › ... › Literature & Language › Dictionary - Esoteric - Definition The word esoteric generally relates to that which is known only by a ... USA_GunRights: Esoteric Agenda Part 9 of 12 | Janet Napolitano: The Second ...
www.wordiq.com/definition/Esoteric - esoteric definition - Dictionary - MSN Encarta Definition: 1. restricted to initiates: intended for or understood by only an initiated few. 2. abstruse: difficult to understand ...
EsotericismFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaJump to: navigation, search
"Arcane" and "Esoteric" redirect here. For other uses, see Arcane (disambiguation) and Esoteric (disambiguation). Esotericism or Esoterism is a term with two basic meanings. In the dictionary sense of the term, "esoterism" signifies the holding of esoteric opinions or beliefs,[1] and derives from the Greek ἐσωτερικός (esôterikos), a compound of ἔσω (esô): "within", thus "pertaining to the more inward", mystic. Its antonym is "exoteric".
In scholarly literature, the term designates a series of historically related religious currents including Astrology, Alchemy, Christian mysticism of Meister Eckhart, Johannes Tauler, and Henry Suso, the Christian Theosophy of Jacob Böhme and his followers, Illuminism, Mesmerism, Magic, Rosicrucianism, Swedenborgianism, Spiritualism, and the theosophical currents associated with Helena Blavatsky and her followers (Rudolf Steiner). There are competing views regarding the common traits uniting these currents, not all of which involve "inwardness", mystery, occultism or secrecy as a crucial trait.[citation needed]
The dictionary defines esoteric as information that is understood by a small group or those specially initiated, or of rare or unusual interest.[2] Esoteric items may be known as esoterica.[3] Esotericism is defined as the holding of secret doctrines, the practice of limiting knowledge to a small group, or an interest in items of a special, rare, novel, or unusual quality.[4]
Contents [hide]
1 Etymology 2 Definition 3 History 4 See also 5 References 6 External links [edit] EtymologyPlato, in his dialogue Alcibíades (circa 390 BC), uses the expression ta esô meaning "the inner things", and in his dialogue Theaetetus (circa 360 BC) he uses ta exô meaning "the outside things". Aristotle applied this distinction to his own writings. The probable first appearance of the Greek adjective esôterikos is in Lucian of Samosata's "The Auction of Lives", § 26 (also called "The Auction of the Philosophical Schools"), written around AD 166.[5] The term esoteric first appeared in English in the 1701 History of Philosophy by Thomas Stanley, in his description of the mystery-school of Pythagoras; the Pythagoreans were divided into "exoteric" (under training), and "esoteric" (admitted into the "inner" circle). The corresponding noun "esotericism" was coined in French by Jacques Matter in 1828 and popularized by Eliphas Levi in the 1850s. It entered the English language in the 1880s via the works of theosophist Alfred Sinnett.
[edit] DefinitionAmong the competing understandings of what unites the various currents designated by "Esotericism" in the scholarly sense, perhaps the most influential has been proposed by Antoine Faivre. His definition is based on the presence in these currents of four essential traits: a theory of correspondences, the conviction that nature is a living entity, the need for mediating elements (such as symbols or visions) in order to access spiritual knowledge, and a sense of personal transmutation when arriving at this knowledge. To this are added two less crucial traits. Esotericism sometimes suggests an additional element of initiation. Finally, esotericists frequently suggest that there is a concordance between different religious traditions. It should, however, be emphasized that Faivre's definition is one of several divergent understandings of the most appropriate use of the term.
[edit] HistorySince esotericism is not a single tradition but a vast array of often unrelated figures and movements, there is no single historical thread underlying them all. The developments that one might wish to emphasize in drawing up a history of esotericism furthermore depends on whether esotericism in the dictionary (non-scholarly) or the scholarly sense is intended.
Several historically attested religions emphasize secret or hidden knowledge, and are thus esoteric in the dictionary sense, without necessarily being esoteric movements in the scholarly sense of the word. Thus, the Roman Empire had several mystery religions which emphasized initiation. Some saw Christianity, with its ritual of baptism, as a mystery religion. None of these are "esoteric" in the scholarly sense. The terms "Gnosticism" and "Gnosis" refer to a family of religious movements which claimed to possess secret knowledge (gnosis). Another important movement from the ancient world was Hermeticism or Hermetism. Both of these are often seen as precursors to esoteric movements in the scholarly sense of the word.
Non-Western traditions can also display the characteristics of esoteric movements. The Ismaili Muslims also stress a distinction between the inner and the outer. It is believed that spiritual salvation is attained by receiving the 'Nur' (light) through the "esoteric", that is, spiritual search for enlightenment. Ismaili Islam also has some of the characteristics associated with esotericism as defined by Faivre, e.g. the belief in an intermediate spiritual sphere mediating between humans and the divine. Esoteric movements in Buddhism, which fall under the general category of Vajrayana Buddhism, employ esoteric training into Buddha's teachings, through use of symbols, mantra and hand-gestures, or mudra. Initiation rituals are typically given to students as they progress along these paths, and care is taken not to discuss specific rituals to those lacking the right empowerment.
In order to distinguish esoteric currents based primarily on sources from late Antiquity and the European Middle Ages, from e.g. Islamic or Jewish currents with similar features, the more precise term "Western esotericism" is often employed.
Western esoteric movements in the scholarly sense thus have roots in Antiquity and the Middle Ages. A major phase in the development of Western esotericism begins in the Renaissance, partly as the result of various attempts to revive such earlier movements. During the Italian Renaissance, for example, translators such as Ficino and Pico della Mirandola turned their attention to the classical literature of Neoplatonism, and what was thought to be the pre-Mosaic tradition of Hermeticism. Other pursuits of Antiquity that entered into the mix of esoteric speculation were astrology and alchemy. Beside such revived currents from late Antiquity, a second major source of esoteric speculation is the Kabbalah, which was lifted out of its Jewish context and adapted to a Christian framework by people such as Johannes Reuchlin. Outside the Italian Renaissance, yet another major current of esotericism was initiated by Paracelsus, who combined alchemical and astrological themes (among others) into a complex body of doctrines.
In the early 17th century, esotericism is represented by currents such as Christian theosophy and Rosicrucianism. A century later, esoteric ideas entered various strands of pseud0-Freemasonry. Later in the 18th century, as well as in the early 19th century, the diffuse movement known as Mesmerism became a major expression of esotericism. In the 19th century, esotericism is also represented by certain aspects of the philosophy, literature and science associated with Romanticism, by spiritualism, and by a notable French wave of occultism.
The major exponent of esotericism in the latter part of the 19th century is the Theosophy of H. P. Blavatsky, not to be confused with the Christian Theosophy mentioned above. In the 20th century, Theosophy was reformulated by Annie Besant, Charles Webster Leadbeater, Alice Bailey, Rudolf Steiner and many others, and became the source for a whole range of post-theosophical movements such as The Summit Lighthouse. A particularly successful post-theosophical movement is Anthroposophy, a synthesis of occultist, Christian and Neoplatonic ideas with Western esoteric concepts as formulated in the wake of Theosophy. Anthroposophy, which was founded by Rudolf Steiner in the early part of the 20th century, includes esoteric versions of education, agriculture, and medicine.[6]
Yet another notable esoteric strain stems from the teachings of G. I. Gurdjieff and P. D. Ouspensky.
Theosophy is also considered a major influence on the many less institutionally organized varieties of esotericism in metaphysical milieus, "Ascended Master Activities", and within the New Age.
Finally, it can be noted that Carl Gustav Jung can be seen as an exponent of esotericism: his writings concern esoteric subject matter such as alchemy, and rephrased the concept of correspondences in a modern, psychologizing terminology in his theory of synchronicity.
[edit] See also Spirituality portal
Archeosophy Behmenism Clairvoyance Esoteric Buddhism Esoteric Christianity Esoteric cosmology Esoteric healing Esotericism in Germany and Austria Freemasonry Illuminati Karma List of Buddhist topics List of spirituality-related topics List of religious, esoteric, metaphysical and mystical symbols Magic and religion Martinism Merkabah Mysticism New World Order Numerology Obscurantism Occult Odic force Plane (esotericism) Planes of existence Qigong Reincarnation Scientology Spiritual evolution Spirituality Telepathy Western Esotericism (academia) Western mystery tradition [edit] References1.^ Chambers 20thC dictionary, 1972
2.^ "Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary: esoteric". Webster.com. 2007-04-25. Retrieved 2010-01-31. 3.^ "Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary: esoterica". Webster.com. 2007-04-25. Retrieved 2010-01-31. 4.^ "esotericism". Retrieved 2010-09-19. 5.^ "O que é o Esoterismo". Paginasesotericas.tripod.com.. Retrieved 2010-01-31. 6.^ Robert McDermott, The Essential Steiner, ISBN 0-06-065345-0, pp. 3-11 Benjamin Walker, Encyclopedia of Esoteric Man: The Hidden Side of the Human Entity, Routledge and Kegan Paul, London, 1977, ISBN 0-7100-8479-X Benjamin Walker, Man and the Beasts Within: The Encyclopedia of the Occult, the Esoteric, and the Supernatural, Stein & Day, New York, 1978, ISBN 0-8128-1900-4 Wouter J. Hanegraaff (ed.) in collaboration with Antoine Faivre, Roelof van den Broek & Jean-Pierre Brach, Dictionary of Gnosis and Western Esotericism, 2 vols., Brill, Leiden 2005. Aries: Journal for the Study of Western Esotericism, Brill, Leiden, since 2001. Aries Book Series: Texts and Studies in Western Esotericism, Brill, Leiden, since 2006. Antoine Faivre, Access to Western Esotericism, SUNY Press, Albany 1994. Antoine Faivre, Theosophy, Imagination, Tradition: Studies in Western Esotericism, SUNY Press, Albany 2000. Kocku von Stuckrad, Western Esotericism: A Brief History of Secret Knowledge, Equinox, London / Oakville 2005. Wouter J. Hanegraaff, 'The Study of Western Esotericism: New Approaches to Christian and Secular Culture', in: Peter Antes, Armin W. Geertz & Randi R. Warne, New Approaches to the Study of Religion, vol. I: Regional, Critical, and Historical Approaches, Walter de Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2004. [edit] External links Look up esotericism in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Esotericism University of Amsterdam Center for Study of Western Esotericism Research & BA/MA programs in Western esotericism.
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Schools of
Apocatastasis - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apocatastasis Apocatastasis is reconstitution, restitution, or restoration to the original or primordial condition. Contents. 1 Etymology and definition; 2 Concepts. 2.1 Stoicism ... Etymology and definition - Concepts - Meaning of apocatastasis in ...
dictionary.reference.com/browse/apocatastasis Apocatastasis definition at Dictionary.com, a free online dictionary with pronunciation, synonyms and translation. Look it up now! ap·o·ca·tas·ta·sis noun 2. Relevant Questions What Is Apocatastasis Or... What Does Apocatastasis ... Also, apokatastasis. Compare universalism ( def. 3 ) . -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Origin: Related forms ap·o·cat·a·stat·ic [ap-uh-kat-uh-stat-ik] Show IPA, adjective
apocatastasis: meaning and definitions — Infoplease.com dictionary.infoplease.com/apocatastasis ap•o•ca•tas•ta•sis. Pronunciation: (ap"ō-ku-tas'tu-sis), [key] —n. 1. the state of being restored or reestablished; restitution. 2. the doctrine that Satan and all ... ap•o•ca•tas•ta•sis Pronunciation: (ap"ō-ku-tas'tu-sis), [key] Read more: apocatastasis: meaning and definitions — Infoplease.com http://dictionary.infoplease.com/apocatastasis#ixzz2D20XAMu3
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Eywa - James Cameron's Avatar Wiki - Sam Worthington, Zoe SaldanaEywa is the guiding force and deity of Pandora and the Na'vi. The Na'vi believe that Eywa acts to keep the ecosystem of Pandora in perfect equilibrium.
Avatar (2009 film) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 2 visits - 4/15/10On the eve of battle, Jake prays to Eywa, via a neural connection to the Tree of Souls, ... The clan performs the ritual dedicated to Eywa that permanently ...
14. I See You - OFFICIAL AVATAR THEME . 4 min - 9 Dec 2009 Uploaded by bluesrock13 youtube.com
I See You (Theme from Avatar) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia"I See You (Theme from Avatar)" (also shortened as "I See You") is a pop ...
Show more results from wikipedia.orgLEONA LEWIS - I SEE YOU LYRICSLeona Lewis I See You lyrics Sountrack of the movie "Avatar". The I See You lyrics by Leona Lewis are displayed below. To play the I See You video click the ...
The meaning of "I see you" in Avatar « Vimoh's Blogthe movie, Avatar. The inhabitants of the beautiful planet Pandora greet each other by saying: I see you. They're not talking about a visual image, ... www.vmohanty.com/.../the-meaning-of-i-see-you-in-avatar/ -
Jay Michaelson: The Meaning of Avatar: Everything is God (A ...22 Dec 2009 ... This is echoed in their greeting, "I see you," a direct translation of the Sanskrit Namaste, which means the same thing. ("Avatar" is also ... www.huffingtonpost.com/.../the-meaning-of-avatar-eve_b_400912.html -
Amazon.com: I See You [Theme From Avatar]: Leona Lewis: MP3 Downloads"I See You" - Theme from the Motion Picture Avatar (feat. Mark Northam) · James Horner | Format: MP3 Download. $0.99. Avatar (main theme) ... www.amazon.com/I-See-You-Theme-Avatar
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Girl From The North Country lyrics performed by Bob Dylan. ... Well, if you're traveling in the north country fair. Where the winds hit heavy on the ... www.sing365.com/...North-Country-lyrics-Bob-Dylan
Lyrics by Bob Dylan 1963 Warner Bros. Inc Renewed 1991 Special Rider Music
Well, if you're travelin' in the north country fair, Well, if you go when the snowflakes storm, Please see for me if her hair hangs long, I'm a-wonderin' if she remembers me at all. Well, if you're travelin' in the north country fair,
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Armistice Day - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Armistice Day (also known as Remembrance Day) is on 11 November and ...
Armistice DayFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaJump to: navigation, search The date was declared a national holiday in many allied nations, to commemorate those members of the armed forces who were killed during war. An exception is Italy, where the end of the war is commemorated on 4 November, the day of the Armistice of Villa Giusti. After World War II, the name of the holiday was changed to Veterans Day in the United States and to Remembrance Day in countries of the British Commonwealth of Nations. Armistice Day remains an official holiday in France. It is also an official holiday in Belgium, known also as the Day of Peace in the Flanders Fields. In many parts of the world, people take a two-minute moment of silence at 11:00 a.m. local time as a sign of respect for the roughly 20 million people who died in the war. This gesture of respect was suggested by Edward George Honey in a letter to a British newspaper, although Wellesley Tudor Pole had established two ceremonial periods of remembrance based on events in 1917.[1][2] From the outset, many veterans in many countries also utilized Silence to pay homage to departed comrades. The toast of "Fallen" or "Absent Comrades" has always been honoured in silence at New Zealand veteran functions, while the news of a member’s death has similarly been observed in silence at meetings. Similar ceremonies developed in other countries during the inter-war period. In South Africa, for example, the Memorable Order of Tin Hats had by the late 1920s had developed a ceremony whereby the toast of "Fallen Comrades" was observed not only in silence but darkness, all except for the "Light of Remembrance", with the ceremony ending with the Order’s anthem "Old Soldiers Never Die". In Australia, meanwhile, the South Australian State Branch of the Returned Sailors & Soldiers' Imperial League of Australia similarly developed during the interwar period a simple ceremony of silence for departed comrades at 9 p.m., presumably to coincide with the traditional 11 a.m. time for Armistice ceremonies taking place in Europe (due to the ten-hour time difference between Eastern Australia and Europe). In the UK, beginning in 1939, the two-minute silence was moved to the Sunday nearest to 11 November in order not to interfere with wartime production should 11 November fall on a weekday. After the end of WWII, most Armistice Day events were moved to the nearest Sunday and began to commemorate both World Wars. The change was made in many Commonwealth countries, as well as the United Kingdom, and the new commemoration was named Remembrance Sunday or Remembrance Day. Both Armistice Day and Remembrance Sunday are now commemorated formally in the UK.
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Methuselah - Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaMethuselah is the oldest person whose age is mentioned in the Hebrew Bible. Extra-biblical tradition records that he died on the 11th of Cheshvan of the ... Methuselah in the Bible - Extra-Biblical mentions - Interpretations - See also MethuselahFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaJump to: navigation, search The name Methuselah is commonly used to refer to any living creature reaching great age. Contents [hide] (21) And Enoch lived sixty and five years, and begat Methuselah: (22) And Enoch walked with God after he begat Methuselah three hundred years, and Methuselah begat sons and daughters: (23) And all the days of Enoch were three hundred sixty and five years: (24) And Enoch walked with God: and he [was] not; for God took him. (25) And Methuselah lived an hundred eighty and seven years, and begat Lamech: (26) And Methuselah lived after he begat Lamech seven hundred eighty and two years, and begat sons and daughters: (27) And all the days of Methuselah were nine hundred sixty and nine years: and he died. The verses are available in three manuscript traditions, the Masoretic, the Septuagint and the Samaritan Torah. The three traditions do not agree with each other. The differences can be summarized as follows:[2] Text Age at son's birth Remainder of life Methuselah Age at death Comment There have been numerous attempts to account for these differences – the most obvious being accidental corruption by copyists and translators. Some errors may be the result of mistaken attempts to correct previous errors. Gerhard Larsson has suggested that the rabbis who translated the Septuagint from Hebrew to Greek in Alexandria around the 3rd century BC, aware that the Egyptian historian Manetho makes no mention of a Deluge, lengthened the patriarchs' ages to push back the time of the flood to before the first Egyptian dynasty.[3] [edit] Extra-Biblical mentionsMethuselah appears in two important Jewish works from the 3rd and 2nd centuries BC. In the Book of Enoch,[4] where Enoch (as the narrator) tells Methuselah of the coming worldwide flood and of the future Messianic kingdom. The Book of Jubilees names Methuselah's mother and his wife – both are named Edna – and his daughter-in-law, Betenos, Lamech's wife. The 17th century midrashic Sefer haYashar ("Book of Jasher"),[5] describes Methuselah with his grandson Noah attempting to persuade the people of the earth to return to godliness.[6] All other very long-lived people died, and Methuselah was the only one of this class left.[7] God planned to bring the flood after all the men who walked in the ways of the Lord had died (besides Noah and his family).[8] Methuselah lived until the ark was built, but died before the flood, since God had promised he would not be killed with the unrighteous.[9] The Sefer haYashar gives Methuselah's age at death as 960[10] and does not synchronize his death with the flood. [edit] InterpretationsFor more details on this topic, see Biblical longevity. [edit] LiteralLiteral interpretations take Methuselah's 969 years to be exactly 969 solar years. This conflicts with evidence that a lifespan of centuries is not currently possible.[citation needed] Some literalists suggest possible naturalistic explanations: the patriarchs had a better diet, or a water vapor canopy protected the earth from radiation prior to the Flood.[11] Others introduce theological causes: man was originally to have everlasting life, but sin was introduced into the world by Adam and Eve, its influence became greater with each generation, and God progressively shortened man's life.[12] [edit] MistranslationSome believe that Methuselah's extreme age is the result of an ancient mistranslation that converted "months" to "years", producing a more credible 969 lunar months, or 78½ years,[13] but the same calculation applied to Enoch would have him fathering Methuselah at the age of 5[14] using numbers from the Masoretic Text. Using the Septuagint numbers, Enoch's 165 months in a ten month calendar would be 16½ years, and Methuselah's 969 would be 96.9.[15] [edit] SymbolicSymbolic interpretations begin with the observation that the Biblical chronology routinely uses numbers for their symbolic value: for example, 10 symbolizes completion, 8 symbolizes the mundane world, and 7 the divine. So Methuselah's father Enoch, who does not die but is taken by God, is the seventh patriarch, and Methuselah, the eighth, dies in the year of the Flood, which ends the ten-generational sequence from Adam to Noah, in whose time the world is destroyed.[16] [edit] FictionalAmong those who believe that all the numbers of Genesis 5, including Methuselah's age, have no meaning at all, Kenneth Kitchen calls them "pure myth",[17] Yigal Levin believes they are intended simply to speed the reader from Adam to Noah,[18] and Claus Westermann believes they are intended to create the impression of a distant past.[19] [edit] See also Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Methuselah Aging
METHUSELAH METHUSELAH
MEPHISTOPHELES HOPE MEPHISTOPHELES
Search ResultsMephistopheles - Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaMephistopheles (also Mephistophilus, Mephistophilis, Mephostopheles, Mephisto and variants) is a demon featured in German folklore. ... In the Faust legend - Outside the Faust legend - Critical History ... MephistophelesFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaJump to: navigation, search Contents [hide] The name appears in the late 16th century Faust chapbooks. In the 1725 version which was read by Goethe, Mephostophiles is a Devil in the form of a greyfriar summoned by Faust in a wood outside Wittenberg. The name Mephistophiles already appears in the 1527 Praxis Magia Faustiana, printed in Passau, alongside pseudo-Hebrew text. It is best explained as a purposely obscure pseudo-Greek or pseudo-Hebrew formation of Renaissance magic. Greek elements may have played a part in the coining of the name, including Greek mē "not", phōs "light" and philos "lover", suggesting "not a lover of light" in parody of Lucifer ("light-bearer", a common epithet of Satan); in that case, the change from the presumed original mephoto- to mephist- may be due to a suggestion of the Latin mephitis ("a noxious exhalation from the ground; malaria").[1][2] Alternately, phosto- may be a variation of "Faust," yielding "not Faust-loving." Hamlin[3] suggests a derivation from the Hebrew Mephistoph, meaning "destroyer of the good." Another possibility is a combination of the Hebrew words mephiz ("liar") and tophel ("destroyer").[2] Another possibility is Latin mephitis, treated incorrectly as Greek because it contains '-ph-', plus the Greek superlative suffix -ιστος, plus Greek -ωφελης = "help(ful), useful": "he who is the worst or foulest sort of (alleged) help." (Compare Anopheles (a malaria mosquito) from Greek α(ν)- = "not", plus -ωφελης, = "no help, the reverse of help.") Mephistopheles in later treatments of the Faust material frequently figures as a title character: in Meyer Lutz' Mephistopheles, or Faust and Marguerite (1855), Arrigo Boito's Mefistofele (1868), Klaus Mann's Mephisto, and Franz Liszt's Mephisto Waltzes. [edit] Outside the Faust legendMain article: List of cultural references to Mephistopheles Mephisto is also the name of one of the three "Prime Evils" on the PC game Diablo II Mephistopheles is also mentioned in two songs written and produced by Trans-Siberian Orchestra, while Power Metal band Kamelot have a song called "The March of Mephisto" and have based two of their albums on the Faustian legend. In the song "Wrapped Around Your Finger", by The Police, they sing "Mephistopheles is not your name." Also in the game "Demon's Souls" for the Play Station 3, Mephisopheles is a Non-Player Character charged with assassination quests Mephistopheles is mentioned in Radiohead's "Videotape." Mephistopheles is also mentioned in Veruca Salt's "Wake Up Dead." The New Jersey ska punk band Streetlight Manifesto has a song titled "Down, Down, Down to Mephisto's Cafe" on their album Somewhere in the Between. Mephistopheles is referenced in Watain's "Reaping Death", "The offerings must never cease until the last man has been slain upon the altars of Mefisto." Mentioned in a Marcy Playground song, "Deadly Handsome Man" : "My real name is Mephistopheles, but you can call me baby." [edit] Critical History – Interpretation of MephistophelesAlthough Mephistopheles appears to Faustus as a devil — a worker of Satan — critics claim that he does not search for men to corrupt but come to serve and ultimately collect the souls of those who are already damned. Farnham explains, "Nor does Mephistophiles first appear to Faustus as a devil who walks up and down in earth to tempt and corrupt any man encountered. He appears because he senses in Faustus’ magical summons that Faustus is already corrupt, that indeed he is already 'in danger to be damned'." [4] Mephistopheles is already trapped in his own hell by serving the Devil. He warns Faustus of the choice he is making by “selling his soul” to the Devil: “Mephistophilis, an agent of Lucifer, appears and at first advises Faust not to forgo the promise of heaven to pursue his goals”.[5] Farnham adds to his theory, “…[Faustus] enters an ever-present private hell like that of Mephistophiles”.[6] Both Farnham and Krstovic/Lazzardi see Mephistopheles as a worker of the devil who was summoned by the already-damned soul of Faustus. But the Gale Literature Criticism takes him to the next step, almost portraying Mephistopheles as a protector while Farnham displays him as a servant of Lucifer. [edit] Mephistopheles: What kind of Angel?Certain critics have viewed the Faust story as a distortion of Christianity. “Christianity is invoked by parody in the very shape of the play. Susan Snyder points out that it is an “inverted Saint’s life,” complete with the “sinful” early life (a student of divinity), “conversion” (to the Devil), reception into the Church (of Lucifer), “temptation” (by the Good Angel), overcome by help (of the Bad Angel), miracles and beatific visions (of the pagan Helen), and the final reception into the house of the Lord (Lucifer).”[7] However, Mephistophilis does warn Faustus of his regret for losing God and the joys of heaven. He wants Faustus’ soul but also may want to save him from the mistake he made. "Christianity speaks of hell for those who cast it aside. But, says he to Mephistophilis as he delivers to him the agreement to surrender his soul at the end of twenty-four years, 'I think hell’s a fable.' 'Ay,' says Mephistophilis, 'think so still, till experience change thy mind.'[8] [edit] Mephistopheles' Relationship with FaustusIn Doctor Faustus, Mephistopheles acts as a guide to Faustus. Mephistopheles is not only a speaker for the Devil, but he is also seen as a possible lover to the character.[9] In the play, Faustus asks Mephistopheles for a wife and, when he returns, the woman is just a devil in disguise as a woman. According to Hammill, “the wife that [Mephistopheles] brings demonstrates that marriage is not a signifier that can stabilize the gender. The play... instead replaces this wife with a series of courtesans in an economy of homosocial exchange.” [10] Hammill also explains that Mephistopheles brings Faustus a wife who is not actually a woman because he wants to bring up sexual tension between Faustus and himself. This article describes the conversation between the two characters during this scene as “barely legible as male friendship”.[11] The article goes on to explain that the conversation is no longer considered to be friendly because the women whom they are discussing appear to have very masculine features.[11] According to another article, Marlowe was homosexual.[12] Orgel argues that “Marlowe's […] imagination was essentially homosexual”.[13] In “Myth, Psychology, and Marlowe’s Doctor Faustus”, Kenneth Golden explains Mephistopheles' role representing Faustus' alter ego constructed from his suppressed feelings. [edit] See alsoMephisto 1.^ a b Burton Russell 1992, p. 61
DOCTOR FAUSTUS Thomas Mann 1947
Doctor Faustus (Thomas Mann novel) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaDoctor Faustus (in German, Doktor Faustus) is a German novel written by Thomas Mann, begun in 1943 and published in 1947 as Doktor Faustus. ... Outline - Plot - Allusions and sources - Themes Doctor Faustus (Thomas Mann novel)From Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaJump to: navigation, search Contents [hide] Leverkühn's last creative years are increasingly occupied by his obsession with the Apocalypse and the Last Judgment. Leverkühn feels the inexorable progress of his neuro-syphilitic madness leading towards complete breakdown; in self-conscious imitation of certain of the Faust legends, Leverkühn calls together his closest friends to witness his final demise: at a chamber reading of his cantata "The Lamentation of Doctor Faust," he ravingly confesses his demonic pact before collapsing, incoherent. His madness reduces him to an infantile state in which he lives under the care of his relatives for another ten years. The story is narrated by Leverkühn's childhood friend Serenus Zeitblom. Much like Settembrini and Naphta in “The Magic Mountain” the “serene” humanist Zeitblom and the tragical Leverkühn represent the dualism of the German character, its Apollonian (reason, democracy, progress) and Dionysian (passion, tragedy, fate) aspects. Writing in Germany between 1943 and 1946, Zeitblom describes the rise and downfall of Nazi Germany in parallel with his account of Leverkühn's life. Clearly Leverkühn's pact with the devil symbolizes Germany's "selling of its soul" to Hitler, and vice versa. The interplay of layers between the narrator's historical situation (the demise of Nazi Germany), the progressive madness of Leverkühn, and the medieval legends with which Leverkühn self-consciously connects himself makes for an overwhelmingly rich symbolic network. The novel is not, however, mere political allegory, though readers have sometimes tried to reduce it to that[citation needed]; while it is doubtless a commentary on the madness of extremist politics, it is also a commentary on the artistic process, creativity, and the artistic life. Most of all, it is an extremely powerful piece of fiction whose power lies precisely in an ambiguous complexity that cannot be meaningfully reduced to a single interpretation. [edit] PlotThe origins of the narrator and the hero in the (fictitious) small town of Kaisersaschern on the (Thuringian) Saale, the name of Zeitblom's apothecary father (Wohlgemut, 'welltempered'), and the description of Jonathan Leverkühn as an old-fashioned German type, with a cast of features 'from a time before the Thirty Years War', evoke the old post-medieval Germany: in their respective Catholic and Lutheran origins, and theological studies, they are heirs to the German Renaissance and the world of Dürer and Bach, but sympathetic to, and admired by, the 'keen-scented receptivity of Jewish circles.' They are awakened to musical knowledge by Wendell Kretzschmar, a German-American lecturer and musicologist who visits Kaisersaschern. After schooling together, both boys study at Halle - Adrian studies theology; Zeitblom does not, but participates in discussions with the theological students - but Adrian becomes absorbed in musical harmony, counterpoint and polyphony as a key to metaphysics and mystic numbers, and follows Kretzschmar to Leipzig to study with him. Zeitblom describes 'with a religious shudder' Adrian's embrace with the woman ('Esmeralda') who gave him syphilis, how he worked her name in note-ciphers into his compositions, and how the medics who sought to heal him were all prevented from effecting a cure by mysterious circumstances. Zeitblom begins to perceive the demonic, as Adrian develops other friendships, first with the translator Rüdiger Schildknapp ('Shield-bearer') (a loyal friend), and then after his move to Munich with the handsome young violinist Rudi Schwerdtfeger ('Sword-polisher', i.e. swordsmith), Frau Rodde and her doomed daughters Clarissa and Ines, Dr. Kranich ('crane') the numismatist, Leo Zink and Baptist Spengler (two artists). Zeitblom insists, however, on the unique closeness of his own relationship to Adrian, who addresses only him as 'du' (rather than the more formal 'Sie').[1] Adrian also meets the Schweigestill ('silence-peace') family at Pfeiffering, in the country an hour from Munich, which later becomes his permanent home and retreat. He lives at Palestrina in Italy with Schildknapp (as in reality Thomas Mann did 15 years earlier, with his brother Heinrich) in 1912, and Zeitblom visits them there. And it is there that Adrian, working on music for Shakespeare's Love's Labour's Lost, has his long dialogue with a Mephistopheles figure who appears either objectively or out of his own afflicted soul. These are the central pages of the novel, corresponding also to its central part. Zeitblom transcribes Adrian's manuscript of the conversation, in which the demon claims Esmeralda as the instrument of his entrapment of Adrian's vainglory, ingenium and memoriam, and offers him twenty-four years of time gifted with genius (geniale Zeit),[2] a time of incubation (hochtragende Zeit)[3] from the date of his sexual embrace, if he will now renounce the warmth of love. This dialogue reveals the anatomy of Leverkühn's thought. Adrian then moves permanently to Pfeiffering, and in conversations with Zeitblom reveals a darker view of life than his. Figures of a demonic type appear, such as Dr. Chaim Breisacher, 'a racial and intellectual type of reckless development and fascinating ugliness,' to cast down the idols of the older generation. In 1915 Ines Rodde marries, but forms an adulterous love for Rudi Schwerdtfeger. Adrian begins to experience illnesses of retching, headaches and migraines, but is producing new and finer music, preparing the way for his great work Apocalypsis cum figuris. Schwerdtfeger woos himself into Adrian's solitude, asking for a violin concerto that would be like the offspring of their platonic union. By August 1919 Adrian has completed the sketch of Apocalypse. There is also a new circle of intellectual friends, including Sextus Kridwiß ('kreideweiß = chalk-white') the art-expert, Chaim Breisacher, Dr. Egon Unruhe ('Unrest') the palaeozoologist, Georg Vogler ('fowler') (literary historian), Dr. Holzschuher ('Clogs') (a Dürer scholar), and the saturnine poet Daniel zur Höhe ('to height'). In their 'torturingly clever' discussions they declare the need for the renunciation of bourgeois softness and a preparation for an age of pre-medieval harshness. Adrian writes to Zeitblom that collectivism is the true antithesis of Bourgeois culture: Zeitblom observes that aestheticism is the herald of barbarism. Apocalypse is performed in Frankfurt in 1926 under Otto Klemperer with Erbe (an allusion to Karl Erb, the famous Evangelist of Bach's St Matthew Passion) as the St John narrator. (As a music reviewer Thomas Mann had been witness to Erb's oratorio debuts in around 1916.) Zeitblom describes the work as filled with longing without hope, with hellish laughter transposed and transfigured even into the searing tones of spheres and angels. Adrian attempts to obtain a wife by employing Rudi (who gets his concerto) as the messenger of his love, but she prefers Rudi himself, and not Adrian. Soon afterwards Rudi is shot dead in a tram by Ines, because of jealousy. As Adrian begins to plan the second oratorio The Lamentation of Doctor Faustus, in 1928 his sister's child Nepomuk is sent to live with him. This beautiful boy, who calls himself 'Echo', is beloved by all. As the work of gigantic dimensions develops in Adrian's mind, the child falls ill and dies, and Adrian, despairing, believes that by gazing at him with love (contrary to his contract) he has killed him with poisonous and hellish influences. The score of the Lamentation is completed in 1930, Adrian summons his friends and guests, and instead of playing the music he relates the story of his infernal contract, and descends into the brain disease which lasts until his death ten years later. Zeitblom visits him occasionally, and survives to witness the collapse of Germany's 'dissolute triumphs' as he tells the story of his friend. [edit] Allusions and sourcesDoctor Faustus is constructed in richly allusive and symbolic terms. H.T. Lowe-Porter refers to the three strands of the book: 'the German scene from within, and its broader, its universal origins; the depiction of an art not German alone but vital to our whole civilization; music as one instance of the arts and the state in which the arts find themselves today [sc. 1949]; and, finally, the invocation of the daemonic.' (Translator's note, vi.) Mann wrote a book about the writing of this novel, 'The Genesis of Doctor Faustus' (1949). [edit] Models for the composer-legendIn naming Leverkühn's projected work The Lamentation of Dr Faustus, Mann was echoing Ernst Krenek's Lamentatio Jeremiae prophetae, an oratorio of 1941-1942 which combines the Schoenbergian twelve-tone technique with modal counterpoint. Although Leverkühn's visit to Palestrina with Schildknapp fully evokes the great early polyphonist named for this birthpace, (and Adrian's absorption in polyphonic theory), it also alludes to the opera Palestrina, premiered at Munich in 1917, and written by Hans Pfitzner. That opera is (outwardly) precisely about polyphonic music in relation to political environment, and Palestrina's attempt to hold together the diverging worlds of the Reformation epoch. Mann described Erb's 1917 debut as Palestrina in almost exactly the terms used for 'Erbe' in Apocalypse. Mann therefore also had Pfitzner in mind. Palestrina is one of three characteristic German-language operas of the early 20th century, outside the main stream of opera, which deal with the isolation of the creative individual,[4] two others being Paul Hindemith's Mathis der Maler (about Matthias Grünewald), completed 1935,[5] and the Berlin-based Ferruccio Busoni's Doktor Faust, which was left unfinished in 1924. All are concerned with the German Protestant Reformation, as the root point leading to the ethical, spiritual and artistic crises confronting early 20th century creativity . Mann's Doctor Faustus strongly reflects this theme in German musical theatre. [edit] Allusive naming; titleNames are important throughout. Serenus Zeitblom's father's forename Wohlgemut echoes the artist Michael Wohlgemuth, teacher of Albrecht Dürer. The name of Wendell Kretzschmar is probably borrowed from that of Hermann Kretzschmar, a founder of interpretative musical analysis, whose essays 'Guides to the Concert Hall' were widely read. Kretzschmar is half-American to indicate the world-historic context of musical culture. The names of other key characters reflect their roles, as in a morality play like Everyman, a mannerism suited to the Faust genre and its allegorical purposes. The doomed child's name Nepomuk, in the 19th century quite popular in Austria and southern Germany and middle name of the composer Hummel and the playwright Johann Nestroy, can be seen as an allusion to the high rococo, the 're-echoing of movement', in the St John Nepomuk Church architecture by the Asam brothers in Munich (as described and interpreted by Heinrich Wölfflin[6]). The title of the novel connects it of course with the most famous work, Faust I and Faust II, of the German poet Goethe, generally considered the absolute, unsurpassable climax of all German literature and the most deep and most true exploration and depiction of the German character. The relation with this work is indirect, mainly the Faustian character of Adrian Leverkühn, Faustian through his abnormal ambition. Moreover, the abnormality of Adrian Leverkühn is related to that of the German culture in view of Nazism. [edit] Other composite elementsMann's characters are composites, not specific counterparts to individuals. Where names do seem to allude to real persons (such as Spengler, presumably to Oswald Spengler, or Kridwiß, perhaps to Ernst Kris?) Mann is echoing in their names the philosophies and intellectual standpoints of their time (of which he was a part) without intending portraits or impersonations of the real persons. The homoerotic character of the violinist Rudi Schwerdtfeger is modelled on Paul Ehrenberg of Dresden, an admired friend of Thomas Mann's. In preparation for the work, Mann studied musicology and biographies of major composers including Mozart, Beethoven, Hector Berlioz, Hugo Wolf, Franz Schreker and Alban Berg. He communicated with living composers, including Igor Stravinsky, Arnold Schoenberg (see below), and Hanns Eisler. He also made a study of Friedrich Nietzsche, whose career including the supposed contracting of syphilis followed by complete mental collapse in 1889 at the height of his creative life prophesying the 'Anti-Christ', and his death in 1900, do present a pattern imitated in Leverkühn. The illnesses of Delius and Wolf also resonate here. In the death of the child there is an echo (appropriately) of the death of Mahler's daughter, after he had (in Alma's opinion) tempted fate by setting the Kindertotenlieder. In Chapter XXII Leverkühn develops the twelve-tone technique or row system, which was actually invented by Arnold Schoenberg. Schoenberg lived near Mann in Los Angeles as the novel was being written. He was very annoyed by this appropriation without his consent, and later editions of the novel included an Author's Note at the end acknowledging that the technique was Schoenberg's intellectual property, and that passages of the book dealing with musical theory are indebted in many details to Schoenberg's Harmonielehre.[7] [edit] GuidanceA most important and direct contribution came from the philosopher and music critic Theodor Adorno, who acted as Mann's adviser and encouraged him to rewrite large sections of the book. Mann also read chapters to groups of invited friends (a method also used by Kafka) to test the effect of the text. He wrote, "Zeitblom is a parody of myself. Adrian's mood is closer to my own than one might – and ought to – think." [edit] ThemesAs a re-telling of the Faust myth, the novel is concerned with themes such as pride, temptation, the cost of greatness, loss of humanity and so on. Another concern is with the intellectual fall of Germany in the time leading up to World War II. Leverkühn's own moods and ideology mimic the change from humanism to irrational nihilism found in Germany's intellectual life in the 1930s. Leverkühn becomes increasingly corrupt of body and of mind, ridden by syphilis and insanity. In the novel, all of these thematic threads – Germany's intellectual fall, Leverkühn's spiritual fall, and the physical corruption of his body – directly correspond to the national disaster of fascist Germany. In Mann's published version of his 1938 United States lecture tour, The Coming Victory of Democracy, he said, "I must regretfully own that in my younger years I shared that dangerous German habit of thought which regards life and intellect, art and politics as totally separate worlds." He now realised that they were inseparable. In Doktor Faustus, Leverkühn's personal history, his artistic development, and the shifting German political climate are tied together by the narrator Zeitblom as he feels out and worries over the moral health of his nation (just as he had worried over the spiritual health of his friend, Leverkühn). [edit] AdaptationsFranz Seitz’s 1982 adaptation of the novel for West German television starred Jon Finch as Adrian Leverkühn.
Doctor Faustus (Thomas Mann novel) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaDoctor Faustus (in German, Doktor Faustus) is a German novel written by Thomas Mann, begun in 1943 and published in 1947 as Doktor Faustus. ... Outline - Plot - Allusions and sources - Themes URICH GROTHUS -- SIXTY YEARS OF THOMAS MANN'S DOCTOR FAUSTUS ...Thomas Mann read the manuscript of Adorno's Philosophy of the New Music while he wrote Doctor Faustus, and he asked Adorno to read the entire manuscript and ... This item: Doctor Faustus : The Life of the German Composer Adrian Leverkuhn As Told by a Friend by Thomas Mann... www.amazon.com › ... › World Literature › German - Cached - SimilarDoctor Faustus Summary and Analysis Summary | BookRags.comAsk any question on Doctor Faustus (Thomas Mann novel) and get it answered ... Changing Perceptions of Thomas Mann's Doctor Faustus: Criticism 1947-1992. ... Book Reviews: "Doctor Faustus," by Thomas Mann & "The Castle," by ...Thomas Mann has already benefited from this trend. John Woods, able translator of Doctor Faustus, has published strong retranslations of Buddenbrooks and ...
60 years of Thomas Mann's Doctor Faustus | a reader's words10 Apr 2008 ... One of the very dark modern novels, and understandably so, is Thomas Mann's Doctor Faustus written in 1947 and first published in English in ...
THE LOST LANGUAGE OF SYMBOLISM AN ENQUIRY INTO THE ORIGIN OF CERTAIN LETTERS, WORDS, NAMES, FAIRY-TALES, FOLK-LORE AND MYTHOLOGIES Harold Bayley 1912 Page 300 The Latin homo is OM, the Sun, as also is the French homme ; and dme, the French for soul, is apparently the Hindoo AUM. The ancient Mexicans traced their descent from an ancestor named Coxcox, i.e. ack ock se, ack ock se, the "Great Great Light, the Great Great Light." 8 The Teutons claim to have descended from TIU or TUISCO, an Aryan God of Light, and the name TUISCO may be restored into tu is ack O , the "brilliant light of the Great O." "ancient Mexicans traced their descent from an ancestor named Coxcox, i.e. ack ock se, ack ock se, the "Great Great Light, the Great Great Light." COXCOX 366366 COXCOX
Page 300 Notes 1 Biographieses of Words, Intro.
THE LOST LANGUAGE OF SYMBOLISM AN ENQUIRY INTO THE ORIGIN OF CERTAIN LETTERS, WORDS, NAMES, FAIRY-TALES, FOLK-LORE AND MYTHOLOGIES Harold Bayley 1912 THE EYE OF THE UNIVERSE
"Great Sun or Great One, / Page 302 / and HACO, HUGO, and JAGO, the "Ever-Existent great O." Page 302 Notes 1 Presumably so called with the pleasing fancy that Echo was the voice of the Great O. Page 250 "Shall any gazer see with mortal eyes, Page 250 / 251 "There is a golden, yellow fruit that grows in AMERICA known as the persimmon or "Jove's apple." Its scientific name is diospyrus, and the splendour of its colouring is some justification for the idea that it was the golden apple that grew in the Garden of the Hesperides. named from their similitude to the round Sun.
1 Arnold (E.), Light of Asia.2 = Om, the one God.
THE LOST LANGUAGE OF SYMBOLISM AN ENQUIRY INTO THE ORIGIN OF CERTAIN LETTERS, WORDS, NAMES, FAIRY-TALES, FOLK-LORE AND MYTHOLOGIES Harold Bayley 1912 "The Hebrew for man is ish and for woman isha." Page 300 "Each language, whether Sanscrit or Zulu, is like a palimpsest, which, if carefully handled, will disclose the original text beneath the superficial writing, and though that original text may be more difficult to recover in illiterate languages, yet it is there nevertheless. Every language, if properly summoned, will reveal to us the mind of the artist who framed it, from its earliest awakening to its latest dreams. Everyone will teach us the same lesson, the lesson on which the whole Science of Thought is based, that there is no language without reason, as there is no reason with.out language."1 An analysis of the several terms for man, soul, or spirit reveals the time-honoured belief that the human race emerged in its infancy from the Great Light, and that every human soul was a spark or fragment of the EverExistent Oversoul. The Egyptian for man was se, the German for soul is seele - cognate with Selah! - and meaning likewise the "Light of the Everlasting." The Dutch for soul is ziel, the fiery light of God, and the English soul was once presumably is ol, the essence or light of God.2 The Hebrew for man is ish and for woman isha.
THE WHITE GODDESS Robert Graves 1948 Page 337 "Isis is an onomatopoeic Asianic word, Ish-ish, meaning 'She who weeps', because the moon was held to scatter dew and because Isis , the pre-Christian original of the Mater Dolorosa, mourned for Osiris when Set killed him."
ISIS ISH-ISH ISIS 9+19+9+19 9+19+8 * 9+19+8 9+19+9+19 ISIS ISH-ISH ISIS
ISIS ISH-ISH ISIS 9191 918-918 9191 ISIS ISH-ISH ISIS OSIRIS 619991 OSIRIS
Palimpsest - Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaA palimpsest is a manuscript page from a scroll or book from which the text has been scraped off and which can be used again. The word "palimpsest" comes ... Development - Modern decipherment - As a form of destruction
PalimpsestFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaJump to: navigation, search The term has come to be used in similar context in a variety of disciplines, notably architectural archaeology. Contents [hide] The writing was washed from parchment or vellum using milk and oat bran. With the passing of time, the faint remains of the former writing would reappear enough so that scholars can discern the text (called the scriptio inferior, the "underwriting") and decipher it. In the later Middle Ages the surface of the vellum was usually scraped away with powdered pumice, irretrievably losing the writing, hence the most valuable palimpsests are those that were overwritten in the early Middle Ages. Medieval codices are constructed in "gathers" which are folded (compare "folio", "leaf, page" ablative case of Latin folium), then stacked together like a newspaper and sewn together at the fold. Prepared parchment sheets retained their original central fold, so each was ordinarily cut in half, making a quarto volume of the original folio, with the overwritten text running perpendicular to the effaced text. [edit] Modern decipherment. Faint legible remains were read by eye before 20th-century techniques helped make lost texts readable. Scholars of the 19th century used chemical means to read palimpsests that were sometimes very destructive, using tincture of gall or later, ammonium bisulfate. Modern methods of reading palimpsests using ultraviolet light and photography are less damaging. Innovative digitized images aid scholars in deciphering unreadable palimpsests. Superexposed photographs exposed in various light spectra, a technique called "multispectral filming," can increase the contrast of faded ink on parchment that is too indistinct to be read by eye in normal light. Multispectral imaging, undertaken by researchers at the Rochester Institute of Technology and Johns Hopkins University, retrieved some four-fifths of the text of the Archimedes Palimpsest. More recently, at the Walters Art Museum where the palimpsest is now conserved, the project has focused on experimental techniques to retrieve the remaining fifth. One of the most successful of these techniques has proved to be X-ray fluorescence imaging, through which the iron in the ink is revealed, even under a forged overpainting. [edit] As a form of destructionA number of ancient works have survived only as palimpsests.[2] Vellum manuscripts were over-written on purpose mostly due to the dearth or cost of the material. In the case of Greek manuscripts, the consumption of old codices for the sake of the material was so great that a synodal decree of the year 691 forbade the destruction of manuscripts of the Scriptures or the church fathers, except for imperfect or injured volumes. Such a decree put added pressure on retrieving the vellum on which secular manuscripts were written. The decline of the vellum trade with the introduction of paper exacerbated the scarcity, increasing pressure to reuse material. Cultural considerations also motivated the creation of palimpsests. The demand for new texts might outstrip the availability of parchment in some centers, yet the existence of cleaned parchment that was never overwritten suggests that there was also a spiritual motivation, to sanctify pagan text by overlaying it with the word of God, somewhat as pagan sites were overlaid with Christian churches to hallow pagan ground. Or the pagan texts may have merely appeared irrelevant. Texts most susceptible to being overwritten included obsolete legal and liturgical ones, sometimes of intense interest to the historian. Early Latin translations of Scripture were rendered obsolete by Jerome's Vulgate. Texts might be in foreign languages or written in unfamiliar scripts that had become illegible over time. The codices themselves might be already damaged or incomplete. Heretical texts were dangerous to harbor: there were compelling political and religious reasons to destroy texts viewed as heresy, and to reuse the media was less wasteful than simply to burn the books. Vast destruction of the broad quartos of the early centuries of our era took place in the period which followed the fall of the Roman Empire, but palimpsests were also created as new texts were required during the Carolingian renaissance. The most valuable Latin palimpsests are found in the codices which were remade from the early large folios in the seventh to the ninth centuries. It has been noticed that no entire work is generally found in any instance in the original text of a palimpsest, but that portions of many works have been taken to make up a single volume. An exception is the Archimedes palimpsest (see below). On the whole, Early Medieval scribes were indiscriminate in supplying themselves with material from any old volumes that happened to be at hand. [edit] Some famous palimpsests Porphyrianus, Vaticanus 2061 (double palimpsest), Uncial 064, 065, 066, 067, 068 (double palimpsest), 072, 078, 079, 086, 088, 093, 094, 096, 097, 098, 0103, 0104, 0116, 0120, 0130, 0132, 0133, 0135. Lectionaries: Lectionary 226, ℓ 1637. [edit] Extended usagesThe word palimpsest also refers to a plaque which has been turned around and engraved on what was originally the back. In planetary astronomy, ancient lunar craters whose relief has disappeared from subsequent volcanic outpourings, leaving only a "ghost" of a rim are also known as palimpsests or ghost craters. Icy surfaces of natural satellites like Callisto and Ganymede preserve hints of their history in these rings, where the crater's relief has been effaced by creep of the icy surface ("viscous relaxation"). They are characterized by fast projectile which penetrates the cold, icy crust. Inward flow of slushy surface causes the surface to retain this upflowing of water from the past. In medicine it is used to describe an episode of acute anterograde amnesia without loss of consciousness, brought on by the ingestion of alcohol or other substances: 'alcoholic palimpsest'. The term is used in forensic science or forensic engineering to describe objects placed over one another to establish the sequence of events at an accident or crime scene. Several historians are beginning to use the term as a description of the way people experience times, that is, as a layering of present experiences over faded pasts. Palimpsest is beginning to be used by glaciologists to describe contradicting glacial flow indicators, usually consisting of smaller indicators (i.e., striae) overprinted upon larger features (i.e., stoss and lee topography, drumlins, etc). During the opening credits of the film version of The Name of the Rose, it is described as "A palimpsest of the novel by Umberto Eco". Gore Vidal titled his 1995 memoir "Palimpsest". The contemporary British composer George Benjamin has written a pair of orchestral pieces titled Palimpsest I and Palimpsest II. The term is also used to describe augmented realities brought about by the melding of layers of material places and their virtual representations [3]. [edit] Decipherment in architecture Thus architects, archaeologists and design historians sometimes use the word to describe the accumulated iterations of a design or a site, whether in literal layers of archaeological remains, or by the figurative accumulation and reinforcement of design ideas over time. An excellent example of this can be seen at The Tower of London, where construction began in the eleventh century, and the site continues to develop to this day. Archaeologists in particular use the term to denote a record of material remains that is suspected of having formed during an extended period but that cannot be resolved in such a way that temporally discrete traces can be recognized as such. Egyptologists use the word for texts and representations inscribed in stone that have been scraped away, either completely or partially, often with a plaster filling being applied, and then a new inscription carved on top. [edit] Notes1.^ According to Suetonius, Augustus, "though he began a tragedy with great zest, becoming dissatisfied with the style, he obliterated the whole; and his friends saying to him, What is your Ajax doing? He answered, My Ajax met with a sponge." (Augustus, 85). Cf. a letter of the future emperor Marcus Aurelius to his friend and teacher Fronto (ad M. Caesarem, 4.5), in which the former, dissatisfied with a piece of his own writing, facetiously exclaims that he will "consecrate it to water (lymphis) or fire (Volcano)," i.e. that he will rub out or burn what he has written.
SELAH HEALS HALES SHALE LEAHS
Search ResultsWhat does “selah” mean in the Bible?There is a great deal of confusion about the meaning of “selah,” primarily because the Hebrew root word from which it is translated is uncertain. ... What does “selah” mean in the Bible? -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 94Share Question: "What does “selah” mean in the Bible?" Answer: The word “selah” is found in two books of the Bible, but is most prevalent in the Psalms, where it appears 71 times. It also appears three times in the third chapter of the minor prophet Habakkuk. There is a great deal of confusion about the meaning of “selah,” primarily because the Hebrew root word from which it is translated is uncertain. Well-meaning Bible scholars disagree on the meaning and on the root word, but since God has ordained that it be included in His Word, we should make an effort to find out, as best we can, the meaning. One possible Hebrew word that is translated “selah” is calah which means “to hang” or “to measure or weigh in the balances.” Referring to wisdom, Job says, “The topaz of Ethiopia shall not equal it, neither shall it be valued with pure gold" (Job 28:19). The word translated “valued” in this verse is the Hebrew calah. Here Job is saying that wisdom is beyond comparing against even jewels, and when weighed in the balance against wisdom, the finest jewels cannot equal its value. “Selah” is also thought to be rendered from two Hebrew words: s_lah, to praise; and s_lal, to lift up. Another commentator believes it comes from salah, to pause. From these words comes the belief that “selah” is a musical direction to the singers and/or instrumentalists who performed the Psalms, which was the hymnbook of the Israelites. If this is true, then each time “selah” appears in a psalm, the musicians paused, either to take a breath, or to sing acapella or let the instruments play alone. Perhaps they were pausing to praise Him about whom the song was speaking, perhaps even lifting their hands in worship. This would encompass all these meanings—praise, lift up, and pause. When we consider the three verses in Habakkuk, we also see how “selah” could mean to pause and praise. Even though Habakkuk was not written to be sung, Habakkuk’s prayer in chapter 3 inspires the reader to pause and praise God for His mercy, power, sustaining grace and sufficiency. Perhaps the best way to think of “selah” is a combination of all these meanings. The Amplified Bible adds “pause and calmly think about that” to each verse where “selah” appears. When we see the word in a psalm or in Habakkuk 3, we should pause to carefully weigh the meaning of what we have just read or heard, lifting up our hearts in praise to God for His great truths. “All the earth bows down to you; they sing praise to you, they sing praise to your name." Selah! (Psalm 66:4).
Selah - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - Jan 1Also "Selah" is the name of a city from the time of David and Solomon. ... The meaning of this imperative is given as "Lift up," equivalent to "loud" or ... Etymology - Modern ideas - Contemporary usage - Literary instances SelahFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaJump to: navigation, search Selah (Hebrew: סֶלָה, also transliterated as selāh) is a word used frequently in the Hebrew Bible, often in the Psalms, and is a difficult concept to translate. (It should not be confused with the Hebrew word sela‘ (Hebrew: סֶלַע) which means "rock.") It is probably either a liturgico-musical mark or an instruction on the reading of the text, something like "stop and listen". "Let those with eyes see and with ears hear" is most concise.[citation needed] "Selah" can also be used to indicate that there is to be a musical interlude at that point in the Psalm.[1] The Amplified Bible states Selah as "pause, and think of that". The Psalms were sung accompanied by musical instruments and there are references to this in many chapters. Thirty-one of the thirty-nine psalms with the caption "To the choir-master" include the word "Selah". Selah notes a break in the song and as such is similar in purpose to Amen in that it stresses the importance of the preceding passage. Alternatively, Selah may mean "forever", as it does in some places in the liturgy (notably the second to last blessing of the Amidah). Another interpretation claims that Selah comes from the primary Hebrew root word [calah] which means "to hang", and by implication to measure (weigh).[2] Also "Selah" is the name of a city from the time of David and Solomon.[3] Contents [hide] The significance of this term was apparently not known even by ancient Biblical commentators. This can be seen by the variety of renderings given to it. The Septuagint, Symmachus, and Theodotion translate διάψαλμα (diapsalma, or "apart from psalm") — a word as enigmatical in Greek as is "Selah" in Hebrew. The Hexapla simply transliterates σελ. Aquila, Jerome, and the Targum translate it as "always". According to Hippolytus (De Lagarde, "Novæ Psalterii Græci Editionis Specimen" 10), the Greek term διάψαλμα signified a change in rhythm or melody at the places marked by the term, or a change in thought and theme. Against this explanation Baethgen ("Psalmen," p. 15, 1st ed. Göttingen, 1892) notes that Selah also occurs at the end of some psalms. [edit] Modern ideasE. W. Bullinger believes "Selah" is a conjunction linking two verses (or thoughts, or Psalms) together either in contrast, further explanation, or to mark a cause/effect relationship. Another meaning is given by assigning it to the root, as an imperative that should not properly have been vocalized , "Sollah" (Ewald, "Kritische Grammatik der Hebräischen Sprache,"p. 554; König, "Historisch-Kritisches Lehrgebäude der Hebräischen Sprache," ii., part i., p. 539). The meaning of this imperative is given as "Lift up," equivalent to "loud" or "fortissimo," a direction to the accompanying musicians to break in at the place marked with crash of cymbals and blare of trumpets, the orchestra playing an interlude while the singers' voices were hushed. The effect, as far as the singer was concerned, was to mark a pause. This significance, too, has been read into the expression or sign, "Selah" being held to be a variant of "shelah" (="pause"). But as the interchange of "shin" and "samek" is not usual in Biblical Hebrew, and as the meaning "pause" is not held to be applicable in the middle of a verse, or where a pause would interrupt the sequence of thought, this proposition has met with little favor. Grätz argues that "Selah" introduces a new paragraph, and also in some instances a quotation (e.g., psalms 57:8 et seq. from 108:2 et seq.) The fact that the term occurs four times at the end of a psalm would not weigh against this theory. The Psalms were meant to be read in sequence, and, moreover, many of them are fragments; indeed, psalm 9 is reckoned one with psalm 10 in the Septuagint, which omits διάψαλμα (diapsalma) also at the end of psalms 3, 24, 46 and 68 B. Jacob (l.c.) concludes (1) that since no etymological explanation is possible, "Selah" signifies a pause in or for the Temple song; and (2) that its meaning was concealed lest the Temple privileges should be obtained by the synagogues or perhaps even by the churches. BDB shows that the main derivation of the Hebrew word "selah" is found through the fientive verb root סֶ֜לָה which means "to lift up (voices)" or "to exalt", and also carries a close connotational relationship to the verb סָלַל, which is similar in meaning - "to lift up" or "to cast up". The word סֶלָה, which shifts the accent back to the last syllable of the verb form, indicates that in this context, the verb is being used in the imperative mood as somewhat of a directive to the reader. As such, perhaps the most instructive way to view the use of this word, particularly in the context of the Psalms, would be as the writer's instruction to the reader to pause and exalt the Lord.[5] [edit] Contemporary usage"Selah" is used in Iyaric Rastafarian vocabulary. It can be heard at the end of spoken-word segments of some reggae songs. Its usage here, again, is to accentuate the magnitude and importance of what has been said, and often is a sort of substitute for Amen. The Iyaric term has also been said by folk etymology to signify "Seal up" as in, "may JAH seal up any inadvertent mistakes in what was said".[6] Furman Bisher, the well-known former sports editor and current columnist for The Atlanta Journal-Constitution, has for decades signed off his columns with "Selah." [edit] Literary instances"Selah!" is used at the end of the second part (titled Dimanche) of Conversations dans le Loir-et-Cher by French writer Paul Claudel (1935). Selah is the last word in Anita Diamant's book, The Red Tent and in Edward Dahlberg's Because I Was Flesh. It is also the last word in Gilbert Sorrentino's novel Little Casino (2002), probably in homage to Dahlberg. In Hunter S. Thompson's collected works "Songs of the Doomed", "The Proud Highway: Saga of A Desperate Southern Gentleman 1955-1967", and Fear and Loathing in America: the Brutal Odyssey of an Outlaw Journalist, The Gonzo Letters Volume Two 1968-1976 the word "Selah" is used frequently in letters and diatribes written from the 1960s to the 1990s. The word is used similarly to the word "allora" in Italy. It is also akin to Kurt Vonnegut's use of the phrase "So it goes" in his novel Slaughterhouse-Five. It is also used by famous Czech writer and philosopher John Amos Comenius at the end one of his books (Ksaft). It is, furthermore, the name of a character in the Canadian poet George Elliot Clarke's long narrative poem Whylah Falls. Selah is also the name of a character in the film The Book of Eli. Selah was also defined to mean pause and consider in the Babylon 5 Deconstruction of Falling Stars Episode [7]. [edit] See alsoThe Selah Workshop, Galilee, Israel
What Does Selah Mean 1 Jul 2003 ... That is to say, history, replete with spiritual meanings. The Selah is there to signal the believer to 'measure' carefully the meaning of ... What Does Selah Mean hat does the word Selah mean? There has been much conjecture and speculation by some theologians, and due in no small part to this speculation, Christians are frequently confused as to the true meaning of this word. But having been told everything from "the original Hebrew has been lost," to, "Jewish scholars agree it means forever," it is very easy to understand their confusion. In addition, many are assured that because this word appears only in the psalms and a poetic section of Habakkuk (which is not true), they are justified in "assuming" that it is just a musical term indicating an interlude. I have even read that Selah is from an Aramaic word, and it really means worship. Still others claim it means to "lift up." All of which serves not to enlighten the Church, but to confuse the issue even more. With all of these "experts" making such contradictory statements, one tends to wonder, "can we even really know what Selah means?" The answer to this question I believe is yes. And the answer really shouldn't be subjective or left to conjecture. Because there is much we can learn about this word from the original Hebrew in which it is written, from allowing the Bible to be its own dictionary, and from comparing scripture with scripture and allowing God to be His own interpreter. All of these things can give us a solid illustration of this word's true meaning. Selah, [celah], is from the primary Hebrew root word [calah] which literally means 'to hang,' and by implication to measure (weigh). This is readily understood because in Biblical history, money, food and other valuables were 'weighed' by hanging or suspending them on a type of balance (the equivalent of our measuring scale) to determine their value. We find an example of this word [calah] as it is literally translated 'valued,' in the book of Job, indicating that which is measured. Job 28:15-16 "It cannot be gotten for gold, neither shall silver be weighed for the price thereof. "The topaz of Ethiopia shall not equal it, neither shall it be valued with pure gold." "The Lord hath trodden under foot all my mighty men in the midst of me: he hath called an assembly against me to crush my young men: the Lord hath trodden the virgin, the daughter of Judah, as in a winepress." "Stand in awe, and sin not: commune with your own heart upon your bed, and be still. Selah." "Thou wentest forth for the salvation of thy people, even for salvation with thine anointed; thou woundedst the head out of the house of the wicked, by discovering the foundation unto the neck. Selah." ..may the Lord who is gracious above all, give us wisdom and understanding, and guide us all into the truth of His Holy Word. Peace ,
SELAH HALES
HALE AND HEARTY HEARTY AND HALE
Hales - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 12:12pmHales is a small village in Norfolk, England. It covers an area of 3.99 km2 ( 1.54 sq mi) and had a population of 479 in 192 households as of the 2001 census ...
Answers.com - What dose hales mean Uncategorized question: What dose hales mean? Can you answer this question? Church of St Margaret Read more: http://www.answers.com/topic/hales#ixzz19sPOTwKx
What does he mean when he says the devil is 'precise' hales view ... 15 Nov 2010 ... Hale thinks of demonology as a science.He goes by certain facts. ... What does it mean if someone says your hatin? What does hating on someone ...
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Search ResultsDefinition of Hale from dictionary.net - 12:10pmWe define hale as NHale \Hale\ (h[=a]l), a. [Written also {hail}. ... What does hale mean? we found 11 entries for the meaning of hale ... Hale \Hale\ (h[=a]l), a. [Written also hail.] [OE. heil, Icel. heill; akin to E. whole. See Whole.] Sound; entire; healthy; robust; not impaired; as, a hale body. [1913 Webster] Last year we thought him strong and hale. --Swift. [1913 Webster] Source: The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 Hale \Hale\, n. Welfare. [Obs.] [1913 Webster] All heedless of his dearest hale. --Spenser. [1913 Webster] Source: The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 Hale \Hale\ (h[=a]l or h[add]l; 277), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Haled (h[=a]ld or h[add]ld); p. pr. & vb. n. Haling.] [OE. halen, halien; cf. AS. holian, to acquire, get. See Haul.] To pull; to drag; to haul. See Haul. --Chaucer. [1913 Webster] Easier both to freight, and to hale ashore. --Milton. [1913 Webster] As some dark priest hales the reluctant victim. --Shelley. [1913 Webster] Source: The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 69 Moby Thesaurus words for "hale": able-bodied, beefy, bouncing, bunkum, doughty, drag, draggle, draw, fit, flourishing, flush, forceful, forcible, forcy, full-blooded, full-strength, gutsy, gutty, hale and hearty, hard, hard as nails, hardy, haul, healthy, hearty, heave, hefty, husky, in the pink, iron-hard, lug, lusty, mighty, nervy, obstinate, potent, powerful, puissant, pull, red-blooded, right, robust, robustious, robustuous, rude, rugged, sane, snake, sound, stalwart, steely, stout, strapping, strong, strong as brandy, strong as strong, strong-willed, sturdy, take in tow, tow, trail, train, trawl, troll, tug, vigorous, vital, well, wholesome Source: Moby Thesaurus II by Grady Ward, 1.0 hale adj : exhibiting or restored to vigorous good health; "hale and hearty"; "whole in mind and body"; "a whole person again" [syn: whole] noun 1: a soldier of the American Revolution who was hanged as a spy by the British; his last words were supposed to have been `I only regret that I have but one life to give for my country' (1755-1776) [syn: Nathan Hale] verb 1: to cause to do through pressure or necessity, by physical, moral or intellectual means :"She forced him to take a job in the city"; "He squeezed her for information" [syn: coerce, squeeze, pressure, force] Source: WordNet (r) 2.0 Hale \Hale\ (h[=a]l), a. [Written also hail.] [OE. heil, Icel. heill; akin to E. whole. See Whole.] Sound; entire; healthy; robust; not impaired; as, a hale body. Last year we thought him strong and hale. --Swift. Source: Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) Hale \Hale\, n. Welfare. [Obs.]
All heedless of his dearest hale. --Spenser. Source: Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) Hale \Hale\ (h[=a]l or h[add]l; 277), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Haled (h[=a]ld or h[add]ld); p. pr. & vb. n. Haling.] [OE. halen, halien; cf. AS. holian, to acquire, get. See Haul.] To pull; to drag; to haul. See Haul. --Chaucer. Easier both to freight, and to hale ashore. --Milton. As some dark priest hales the reluctant victim. --Shelley. Source: Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913)
FINGERPRINTS OF THE GODS Graham Hancock 1995 Chapter 41 CITY OF THE SUN CHAMBER OF THE JACKAL
"the universe had been filled with a dark, watery nothingness, called the Nun"
ENTERS THE NETERS
THE ELEMENTS OF EGYPTIAN WISDOM Naomi Ozaniec 1994 THE SACRED SCRIPT - THE MEDU NETERS Page 80 / The logical mind begins to reel / Page 81 / Language as evocation is immensely powerful. Word play is not finished; Neith can also be written by spelling the 't' with the sign for land, ta, in combination with the sign for water, 'n'. This particular hieroglyph represents ruffled water. By spelling the same name in a different way, we are presented with a different set of ideas. Here is Neith as 'the primeval water which gave birth to the land,' a theologically familiar concept. Once again a brief word encapsulates both divine name and divine function. Hieroglyphic omitted Schwaller de Lubicz reminds us repeatedly that we do need to look for a convoluted symbolism. The Medu Neters were chosen in such a way as to really signify all the qualities and functions implicit in the image. We are of course removed from the direct observation of vulture and ibis, crocodile and falcon, It is hard for us to understand the subtleties of movement, habit or life cycle which prompted a recognition deep in the Egyptian mind. It is well known that the humble dung beetle was raised to a sacred status from its simple egg-laying habit. The young emerged from the ball of dung as new life unbegotten. It is less well known that the scarab resembles the human skull, its two wing cases being reminiscent of the two halves of the human skull. The ability to find the cosmic In the mundane through a correspondence is the hallmark of a mind sensitized through symbolic training. Any contemporary Qabalist recognizes this function for what it is, the inner workings of an esoteric system. These brief examples serve to illustrate the workings of both the Egyptian mind and the Egyptian tradition. Each letter had its own secret; all sacred alphabets are constructed in this way. Moreover a sacred language always serves a double purpose, a written double entendre. To the uninitiated there is no secret to hide. The language functions perfectly well at a purely practical level. To the initiated there exists another level of inner meaning as opposed to the apparent meaning. The inner meaning requires no elaborate subterfuge. It is there all the time, open and blatant. 'It / Page 82 / is hidden from view only because it represents a higher non-cerebral consciousness which simply evades the logical mind. The Egyptians preserved this double function with astonishing brilliance and clarity over an immensely long period of time. Hebrew still functions as a sacred alphabet.. Each of its letters signifies ideas, numbers and cosmic principles.. A word becomes a code for an abstraction, a metaphysical concept, an esoteric teaching. An outsider cannot penetrate into the labyrinthine maze of meanings without becoming lost in ideas and distracted by elusive possibilities. A guide is always required in such matters - scribal training took place through an apprenticeship system. It is a mistake to think that we might uncover how the scribes viewed individual hieroglyphs by simply applying any meaning that springs to our mind. It is Clear that individual signs and arrangements carried a precise range of corresponding symbols. Isha Schwaller de Lubicz acts as our guide into the intricacies of an individual hieroglyph in the book Her-Bak. The letter r is written.in the lenticular shape of a half open mouth. Now look. for the ideas, qualities and functions this . sign represents. First, its nature. The mouth, ra, is the upper opening of the body, an entrance that communicates by two channels with the lungs and stomach; that is why this hiereglyph is. also the generic word for an entrance, ra. The mouth opens and shuts to eat, breathe and speak, as the eye, ar.t, opens and shuts to receive or refuse light. The mouth's function is dual, passive and active, it receives air and food, emits breath and voice. The eye's function is dual, likewise 'the reception of light and expression of organic and emotional response. The mouth's shape changes by the separation of the lips for the performance of its function. Opening, it widens or narrows like the shadow thrown on a disc by another disc which gradually eclipses it. In the partially occulteddisc, . the lentil or dark mouth is the complement of the crescent still visible. This gradual change of shape produces portions of different size that represents parts of the occulted disc. The characteristic has given the name ra to parts of a whole such as numerical fractions, chapters and so forth. Page 83 These profound thoughts revolve around a single letter majestic insights might we discover if only someone would serve as our guide through all the hieroglyphic combinations! Here is a way of thinking quite unlike our own, a mind set removed from our utilitarian use of language. This totally symbolic thinking produced completely practical applications, as we see through Egypt's many lasting achievements there is no grounds whatsoever for thinking that this symbolic system produced woolly mindedness. On the contrary it gave rise to a mind that was both extensive and focused, deep and creative, tradittonal yet original.
Daily Mail, Thursday, November 17, 2011 Page 70 QUESTION The W. B Yeats poem Mad As The Mists and snow name checks Homer, Horace, Cicero and and Tully ('and here is Tully's open page') Who was Tully?
David Bradbury, London.
THE ART OF MEMORY FRANCIS A. YATES 1966 THREE LATIN SOURCES FOR THE CLASSICAL ART OF MEMORY Page 21 "The Ad Herennium was a well known and much used text in the Middle Ages when it had an immense prestige because it was thought to be by Cicero. It was therefore believed that the precepts for the artificial memory which it expounded had been drawn up by Tullius himself" Page 32 Page 282 "By the THE LADDER OF MINERVA we rise from the first to the last..."
THE ART OF MEMORY FRANCIS A. YATES 1966 THREE LATIN SOURCES FOR THE CLASSICAL ART OF MEMORY Page 21 "The Ad Herennium was a well known and much used text in the Middle Ages when it had an immense prestige because it was thought to be by Cicero. It was therefore believed that the precepts for the artificial memory which it expounded had been drawn up by Tullius himself" Page 32 Page 282 "By the THE LADDER OF MINERVA we rise from the first to the last..."
THE ART OF MEMORY FRANCIS A. YATES 1966 THREE LATIN SOURCES FOR THE CLASSICAL ART OF MEMORY Page 175 CHAPTER 8 LULLISM AS AN ART OF MEMORY THOUGH we have now reached the Renaissance, with Camillo, we have to retrace our steps to the Middle Ages during this chapter. For there was another kind of art of memory which began in the Middle Ages, which continued into the Renaissance and beyond, and which it was the aim of many in the Renaissance to combine with the classical art in some new synthesis whereby memory should reach still further heights of insight and of power. This other art of memory was the Art of Ramon Lull. Lullism and its history is a most difficult subject and one for the exploration of which the full materials have not yet been assembled; The enormous number of Lull's own writings, some of them still unpublished, the vast Lullist literature written by his followers, the extreme complexity of Lullism, make it impossible as yet to reach very definite conclusions about what is, undoubtedly.ra strand of major importance in the European tradition. And what I have to do now is to write one not very long chapter giving some idea of what the Art of Ramon Lullwas like, of why it was an art of memory, of how it differs from the classical art of memory, and of how Lullism became absorbed at the Renaissance into Renaissance forms of the classical art. Obviously- I am attempting the impossible, yet the impossible must be attempted because it is essential for the later part of this book that there should be some sketch at this stage of Lullism itself. The chapter is based on my own two articles on the art of Ramon Lull:' it is orientated towards a comparison of Lullism as an art of memory with. the classical art; and it is not concerned solely with 'genuine' Lullism but also with the Renaissance interpretation of Lullism, for it is this. which is important for the next stages of our history.
ART AT R AT ART
Search ResultsLetter & Word Frequency in English / Other Language FrequenciesThe first twelve letters "e t a o i n s r h l d c", are found in around 80% ... Top Twenty Most Used Words in Spoken English the and I to of a you that in ... Letter Frequencies / Word ↓"etaoin shrdlu" (eh-tay-oh-in shird-loo), was believed to be the twelve most common letters in the English language. The word came from linotype typesetting machines. The first, left row of six keys on a linotype machine produce the word "etaoin". The second, left row of six keys produce the word "shrdlu". The linotype machine keys are labeled: "etaoin-shrdlu-cmfgyp-wbvkxj-qz". The letter 'h' appears more often in every day speech and writing than it does in a list of dictionary words. The first twelve letters "e t a o i n s r h l d c", are found in around 80% of the words in the English language. Letter Frequency in the English Language Letter Frequency in Press Reporting Letter Frequency in Religious Writings Letter Frequency in Scientific Writings Letter Frequency in General Fiction Letter Frequency in Word Averages Letter Frequency in Morse Code Non-Plural Word Letter Frequency Plural Word Letter Frequency Letter Frequency of the Most Common 1st Letter in Words Letter Frequency of the Most Common 2nd Letter in Words Letter Frequency of the Most Common 3rd Letter in Words Letter Frequency of the Most Common Last Letter in Words Letter Frequency of the Most Common Letter to Follow the "e" Words begin with letter frequency: More than half of all words end with: e t d s Computer QWERTY Keyboard Key Frequency: UK English Language Letter Frequency: Spanish Language Letter Frequency: German Language Letter Frequency: French Language Letter Frequency: Italian Language Letter Frequency: Dutch Language Letter Frequency: Greek Language Letter Frequency: Russian Language Letter Frequency: Turkish Language Letter Frequency: Polish Language Letter Frequency: Esperanto Language Letter Frequency: Swedish Language Letter Frequency: Portuguese: a e o s r i n m d u t l c p h v q g f b ã z ç j á é x ó õ ê ô à y í è ú o` (kw) Norwegian: e r n t s i l a k o d g m v f u p b h ø j y a a æ c w z x (q) Icelandic: a n r i e s t u dh l g m k f h v o á th í d j ó b y æ ú ö p é ý c x w z q Hungarian: e a t l n s k o m z r i g á é y d b v h j o: f u p ö ó c u: í ú ü x w (q) Slovak: a o e s n i t r v l k d m c u p z y h j g f b (q w x) Finnish: e n a t r s i l d o k g m v f aa u p h ä c b ö j y x z w (q) Danish: e n a d t r s l g i o h m k v u f b p ø ae j y c é x q w è z ü à ó ê ç aa ë ä Czech: o e a n t i v l s r d k u p í m c h á z y j b ř ê é ĉ ž ý ŝ ũ g f ú ň w ď ó x ť (q) Hawaiian: a i k o' e n u h l m â p ô w ê û î (b c d f g j q r s t v x y z) Maori: a i k e t o n u h r m w g p (b c d f j l q s v x y z) Latin: e i t u a s r n o m c p l d q b g v f h x y k (z) (j w) Irish: a i h n r e t s c o l d g u m b á f í é ú ó p v j w y k q z (x) Welsh: a y n d r e i l o g h w t f u s c m b p â ô y^ w^ j ï ê á q v î (k x z) Gaelic: a i h n d e r c s g l o u t m b à f p o` ù é i` è ó (j k q v w x y z) Japanese Language Letter Frequency 20 most common Kanji (Chinese characters): 日一十二人大年会国三本長中五出事社市者月 Digraph Frequency
Trigraph Frequency
Double Letter Frequency
Top Twenty Most Used Words in Written English
Top Twenty Most Used Words in Spoken English
Two Letter Word Frequency
Three Letter Word Frequency
Four Letter Word Frequency
Word Frequency for the Most Common Words
100 Most Frequently Used Words 50 Most Frequently Used UK Operators 50 Most Frequently Used UK General Things 50 Most Frequently Used UK Picturable Things 50 Most Frequently Used UK Qualities 50 Most Frequently Used UK Opposites American Heritage Word Frequency Book Poetic Annex to Basic English Words
"The first twelve letters "e t a o i n s r h l d c", are found in around 80% of the words in the English language" E T A O I N S R H L D C "Letter Frequency in the English Language" e t a o i n s r h l d c u m f p g w y b v k x j q z E T A O I N S R H L D C U M F P G W Y B V K X J Q Z
English alphabet - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The letters þ and ð are still used in present-day Icelandic. ...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_alphabet English alphabet From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The modern English alphabet is a Latin-based alphabet consisting of 26 letters[1] – the same letters that are found in the Basic modern Latin alphabet: Majuscule Forms (also called uppercase or capital letters ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ Miniscule Forms (also called lowercase or small letters) a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z
The exact shape of printed letters varies depending on the typeface. The shape of handwritten letters can differ significantly from the standard printed form (and between individuals), especially when written in cursive style. See the individual letter articles for information about letter shapes and origins (follow the links on any of the uppercase letters above). Written English also uses a number of digraphs, but they are not considered to be part of the alphabet.
[edit] HistorySee also: History of the Latin alphabet and English orthography
[edit] Old EnglishMain article: Old English Latin alphabet
The English language was first written in the Anglo-Saxon futhorc runic alphabet, in use from the 5th century. This alphabet was brought to what is now England, along with the proto-form of the language itself, by Anglo-Saxon settlers. Very few examples of this form of written Old English have survived, these being mostly short inscriptions or fragments. The Latin alphabet, introduced by Christian missionaries, began to replace the Anglo-Saxon futhorc from about the 7th century, although the two continued in parallel for some time. Futhorc influenced the Latin alphabet by providing it with the letters thorn (Þ þ) and wynn (Ƿ ƿ). The letter eth (Ð ð) was later devised as a modification of dee (D d), and finally yogh (Ȝ ȝ) was created by Norman scribes from the insular gee in Old English and Irish, and used alongside their [[Carolingian gee]]. The a-e ligature ash (Æ æ) was adopted as a letter its own right, named after a futhorc rune æsc. In very early Old English the o-e ligature ethel (Œ œ) also appeared as a distinct letter, likewise named after a rune, œðel. Additionally, the v-v or u-u ligature double-u (W w) was in use. In the year 1011, a writer named Byrhtferð ordered the Old English alphabet for numerological purposes.[2] He listed the 24 letters of the Latin alphabet (including ampersand) first, then 5 additional English letters, starting with the Tironian note ond (⁊) an insular symbol for and:
[edit] Modern EnglishIn the orthography of Modern English, thorn (þ), eth (ð), wynn (ƿ), yogh (ȝ), ash (æ), and ethel (œ) are obsolete. Latin borrowings reintroduced homographs of ash and ethel into Middle and Early Modern English, though they are not considered to be the same letters[citation needed] but rather ligatures, and in any case are somewhat old-fashioned. Thorn and eth were both replaced by th, though thorn continued in existence for some time, its lowercase form gradually becoming graphically indistinguishable from the minuscule y in most handwriting. Y for th can still be seen in pseudo-archaisms such as “Ye Olde Booke Shoppe”. The letters þ and ð are still used in present-day Icelandic. Wynn disappeared from English around the fourteenth century when it was supplanted by uu, which ultimately developed into the modern w. Yogh disappeared around the fifteenth century and was typically replaced by gh. The letters u and j, as distinct from v and i, were introduced in the 16th century, and w assumed the status of an independent letter, so that the English alphabet is now considered to consist of the following 26 letters:
The variant lowercase form long s (ſ) lasted into early modern English, and was used in non-final position up to the early 19th century. The ligatures æ and œ are still used in formal writing for certain words of Greek or Latin origin, such as encyclopædia and cœlom. Lack of awareness and technological limitations (such as their absence from the standard qwerty keyboard) have made it common to see these rendered as "ae" and "oe", respectively, in modern, non-academic usage. These ligatures are not used in American English, where a lone e has mostly supplanted both (for example, encyclopedia for encyclopædia, and fetus for fœtus). [edit] DiacriticsMain article: English words with diacritics
Diacritic marks mainly appear in loanwords such as naïve and façade. As such words become naturalised there is a tendency to drop the diacritics, as is now often the case with the two mentioned; but, automatic spell-check, as in Microsoft Office, also oftentimes adds the diacritics back in, which has slowed their disappearance in recent years. Words that are still perceived as foreign tend to retain them; for example, the only spelling of soupçon found in English dictionaries (the OED and others) uses the diacritic. Diacritics are also more likely to be retained where there would otherwise be confusion with another word (for example, résumé rather than resume), and, rarely, even added (as in maté, from Spanish yerba mate, but following the pattern of café, from French). Occasionally, especially in older writing, diacritics are used to indicate the syllables of a word: cursed (verb) is pronounced with one syllable, while cursèd (adjective) is pronounced with two. Similarly, while in chicken coop the letters -oo- represent a single vowel sound (a digraph), in zoölogist and coöperation, they represent two. An acute, grave or diaerisis may also be placed over an 'e' at the end of a word to indicate that it is not silent, and to show how it should be pronounced instead. These devices, are, however, optional, and are in practice now rarely used even where they would serve to alleviate some degree of confusion. [edit] AmpersandThe ampersand (&) has sometimes appeared at the end of the English alphabet, as in Byrhtferð's list of letters in 1011.[2] Properly speaking the figure is a ligature for the letters Et. In English it is used to represent the word and and occasionally the Latin word et, as in the abbreviation &c (et cetera). [edit] ApostropheThe apostrophe, while not considered part of the English alphabet, is used to abbreviate English words. A few pairs of words, such as its (belonging to it) and it's (it is or it has), were (plural of was) and we're (we are), and shed (to get rid of) and she'd (she would or she had) are distinguished in writing only by the presence or absence of an apostrophe. The apostrophe also distinguishes the possessive endings -'s and -s' from the common plural ending -s, a practice introduced in the 18th century; before, all three endings were written -s, which could lead to confusion (as in, the Apostles words). [edit] Letter namesThe names of the letters are rarely spelled out, except when used in derivations or compound words (for example tee-shirt, deejay, emcee, okay, aitchless, wye-level, etc.), derived forms (for example exed out, effing, to eff and blind, etc.), and in the names of objects named after letters (for example em (space) in printing and wye (junction) in railroading). The forms listed below are from the Oxford English Dictionary. Vowels stand for themselves, and consonants usually have the form consonant + ee or e + consonant (e.g. bee and ef). The exceptions are the letters aitch, jay, kay, cue, ar, ess (but es- in compounds ), wye, and zed. Plurals of consonants end in -s (bees, efs, ems) or, in the cases of aitch, ess, and ex, in -es (aitches, esses, exes). Plurals of vowels end in -es (aes, ees, ies, oes, ues); these are rare. Of course, all letters may stand for themselves, generally in capitalized form (okay or OK, emcee or MC), and plurals may be based on these (aes or As, cees or Cs, etc.)
Some groups of letters, such as pee and bee, or em and en, are easily confused in speech, especially when heard over the telephone or a radio communications link. Spelling alphabets such as the ICAO spelling alphabet, used by aircraft pilots, police and others, are designed to eliminate this potential confusion by giving each letter a name that sounds quite different from any other. [edit] PhonologyMain article: English phonology
The letters A, E, I, O, U are considered vowel letters, since (except when silent) they represent vowels; the remaining letters are considered consonant letters, since when not silent they generally represent consonants. However, Y commonly represents vowels as well as a consonant, as very rarely does W. (See Words without vowels.) [edit] Letter frequenciesMain article: Letter frequency
The letter most frequently used in English is E. The least frequently used letter is Z. The list below shows the frequency of letter use in English.[12]
[edit] See also[edit] Footnotes
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_alphabet"
Languages
Letter frequency - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia1 Relative frequencies of letters in the English language .... the frequency distributions of the 26 most common Latin letters across some languages. ... Relative frequencies of ... - Relative frequencies of the ... - See also ►English alphabet - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The English language was first written in the Anglo-Saxon futhorc runic ...
Show more results from wikipedia.orgWhat is the Most Commonly Used Letter in English? 25 Oct 2010 ... The most commonly used letter in the English language is the letter “e”. This is the case in the general language, in fiction and ...
THE MOST COMMONLY USED LETTER IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE IS THE LETTER "E" THE MOST COMMONLY USED LETTER IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE IS THE LETTER "E" TH5 MOST COMMONLY US5D L5TT5R IN TH5 5NGLISH LANGUAG5 IS THE L5TT5R "5"
THE MOST COMMONLY USED LETTER IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE IS THE LETTER "E" 285 4612 36446537 3154 352259 95 285 5573918 31573175 91 285 352259 "5" THE MOST COMMONLY USED LETTER IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE IS THE LETTER "E"
THE MOST COMMONLY USED LETTER IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE IS THE LETTER "E" 285 4612 36446537 3154 352259 95 285 5573918 31573175 91 285 352259 "5" THE MOST COMMONLY USED LETTER IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE IS THE LETTER "E"
Herbert S. Zim, in his classic introductory cryptography text "Codes and Secret Writing", gives the English letter frequency sequence as "ETAON RISHD LFCMU GYPWB VKXJQ Z", the most common letter pairs as "TH HE AN RE ER IN ON AT ND ST ES EN OF TE ED OR TI HI AS TO", and the most common doubled letters as "LL EE SS OO TT FF RR NN PP CC".[1] "ETAON RISHD LFCMU GYPWB VKXJQ Z"
O BLESSED AND BELOVED DREAMER OF DREAMS O WE DID LAUGH WE OF THE INBETWEEN INBETWEEN OUR TEARS THAT IS THAT IS THAT O THEN WE ALL STARTED SINGING LOOK AT THE FIVES LOOK AT THE FIVES LOOK AT THE FIVES THE FIVES THE FIVES AND THEN LO AND BEHOLD YOU GOT THE MESSAGE AND YOU STARTED TO LAUGH AND SING AND SUDDENLY OUT OF NOTHINGNESS WOWEEWOW WE WERE ALL LAUGHING SINGING AND DANCING WOW O WOW NOW WE KNOW KNOW WE NOW IF THAT ISN'T INNER MAGIC FOR YOU WHAT IS
I THAT AM THAT I THAT AM THAT I THAT AM THAT I THAT IS WEPWAWET WENNEFER WHEREVER WHENEVER
O BLESSED AND BELOVED DREAMER OF DREAMS WE DID LAUGH WE OF THE INBETWEEN INBETWEEN OUR TEARS THAT IS THAT IS THAT O THEN WE ALL STARTED SINGING LOOK AT THE NINES LOOK AT THE NINES LOOK AT THE NINES THE NINES THE NINES AND THEN LO AND BEHOLD YOU GOT THE MESSAGE AND YOU STARTED TO LAUGH AND SING AND SUDDENLY OUT OF NOTHINGNESS WOWEEWOW WE WERE ALL LAUGHING SINGING AND DANCING WOW O WOW NOW WE KNOW KNOW WE NOW IF THAT ISN'T INNER MAGIC FOR YOU WHAT IS
I THAT AM THAT I THAT AM THAT I THAT AM THAT I THAT IS WEPWAWET WENNEFER WHEREVER WHENEVER OSIRIS THAT SON SETS THAT SON SORISES THAT SUN SO SETS THAT SUN SO RISES THAT SUN SO SETS THAT SON SO SETS THAT SON SO OSIRIS THAT SON
Letter frequency More recent analyses show that letter frequencies, like word frequencies, tend to vary, both by writer and by subject. One cannot write an essay about x-rays without using frequent Xs, and the essay will have an especially strange letter frequency if the essay is about the frequent use of x-rays to treat zebras in Qatar. Different authors have habits which can be reflected in their use of letters. Hemingway's writing style, for example, is visibly different from Faulkner's. Letter, bigram, trigram, word frequencies, word length, and sentence length can be calculated for specific authors, and used to prove or disprove authorship of texts, even for authors whose styles aren't so divergent. Accurate average letter frequencies can only be gleaned by analyzing a large amount of representative text. With the availability of modern computing and collections of large text corpora, such calculations are easily made. This Deafandblind link details examples from a variety of sources, (press reporting, religious text, scientific text and general fiction) and there are differences especially for general fiction with the position of 'h' and 'i'. The example differs from the linotype 'etaoin shrdlu' to come out as 'etaoHn Isrdlu'. There is an unproven statement[by whom?] that conversation is similar in frequency to general fiction. Herbert S. Zim, in his classic introductory cryptography text "Codes and Secret Writing", gives the English letter frequency sequence as "ETAON RISHD LFCMU GYPWB VKXJQ Z", the most common letter pairs as "TH HE AN RE ER IN ON AT ND ST ES EN OF TE ED OR TI HI AS TO", and the most common doubled letters as "LL EE SS OO TT FF RR NN PP CC".[1] The 'top twelve' letters comprise about 80% of the total usage. The 'top eight" letters comprise about 65% of the total usage. A spy using the VIC cipher or some other cipher based on a straddling checkerboard typically uses a mnemonic such as "a sin to err" (dropping the second "r") to remember the top 8 characters. The use of letter frequencies and frequency analysis plays a fundamental role in several games, including hangman, Scrabble, Wheel of Fortune, Definition, Bananagrams, and cryptograms. Letter frequencies had a strong effect on the design of some keyboard layouts. The most-frequent letters are on the bottom row of the Blickensderfer typewriter. The most-frequent letters are on the home row of the Dvorak Simplified Keyboard. Contents [hide] Letter Frequency In English, the space is slightly more frequent than the top letter (7% more frequent than, or 107% as frequent as, e), and the non-alphabetic characters (digits, punctuation, etc.) occupy the fourth position, between t and a.[3] [edit] Relative frequencies of the first letters of a word in the English language Letter Frequency |3||16.924% [edit] Relative frequencies of letters in other languages *See Turkish dotted and dotless I The figure below illustrates the frequency distributions of the 26 most common Latin letters across some languages. Based on these tables, the 'etaoin shrdlu'-equivalent results for each language is as follows: French: 'esait nrulo'; (Indo-European: Romance; traditionally, 'esartinulop' is used, in part for its ease of pronunciation[15]) [edit] See also Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Letter_frequency" Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. See Terms of Use for details.
Answers.com - What are the most popular letters in the alphabet In: Food and Cooking, English Language, Shopping [Edit categories] ... What is the most common letter in the alphabet? In English, 'e' Actually all of the ...
What is the frequency of the letters of the alphabet in English ... The world's most trusted dictionaries ... Dictionary; Other language resources. Help. US English; World English ... However, this gives the frequency of letters in English text, which is dominated by a relatively small ... The third column represents proportions, taking the least common letter (q) as equal to 1. ...
Thousands of Lists - ListAfterList.com - Most Common Letters in ... According to a study done by AskOxford, using thier Concise English Dictionary, these are the most common letters in the English language. The letter "E" is ...
Word Records > Longest Words This is the longest word in the first edition of the Oxford English Dictionary. Interestingly the most common letter in English, E, does not appear in this ...
What is the most common letter? | Answerbag What is the most common letter? the bills they keep sending me. ... Im Alec. The most common letters in the English language are, in order, ETAOINSHRDLU. ...
Herbert S. Zim, in his classic introductory cryptography text "Codes and Secret Writing", gives the English letter frequency sequence as "ETAON RISHD LFCMU GYPWB VKXJQ Z", the most common letter pairs as "TH HE AN RE ER IN ON AT ND ST ES EN OF TE ED OR TI HI AS TO", and the most common doubled letters as "LL EE SS OO TT FF RR NN PP CC".[1] "ETAON RISHD LFCMU GYPWB VKXJQ Z"
THEN WE ALL STARTED SINGING LOOK AT THE FIVES LOOK AT THE FIVES LOOK AT THE FIVES THE FIVES THE FIVES AND THEN LO AND BEHOLD YOU GOT THE MESSAGE AND YOU STARTED TO LAUGH AND SING AND SUDDENLY OUT OF NOTHINGNESS WOWEEWOW WE WERE ALL LAUGHING SINGING AND DANCING WOW O WOW NOW WE KNOW KNOW WE NOW IF THAT ISN'T INNER MAGIC FOR YOU WHAT IS
John Michell 1983 Page 144 "The problem is to establish the ideas and intentions of the builders. Stecchini has suggested that the apex was designed to be slightly off-centre with each base side of slightly different length, and with different angles of slope, thus providing four base-height relationships, each exhibiting a particular mathematical formula. By this means the functions of both..." Pi and the ratio of the 'golden section' "...could be demonstrated together in the one structure. In addition, there was another device by which the Egyptians were able to incorporate different mathematical expressions within a unified nework. That device was the pyramidion, a miniature form of the Pyramid itself, which provided its apex. Other pyramids and obelisks Egypt are known to have been topped by a pyramidion, made of gold or some other metal, which glowed in the sun. Tompkins and Stechini quote a reference by a second-century BC Greek writer, Agatharchides of Cnidus, to a pyramidion at the apex of the Great Pyramid, which could be included in calculations or omitted, thus providing a variety of mathematical demonstrations." Page 149 "...If, as its legend states, the Pyramid was designed to monumentalize the entire code of ancient scientific knowledge, its makers would have needed to grade the pyramidion by scoring it with horizontal lines to represent different versions of the height or even by separating it into detachable sections. The image here is of an inscribed marble capstone, its tip formed of another, miniature pyramid, perhap made of some other material. This, and perhaps other sections of the upper part of the pyramidion, could be removed or put in place as required. But why should such a thing ever in practice be required, and why should such trouble be taken over capstone, pyramidions and minute rariations of length? These are questions which need to be discussed in relation to the Pyramid's practical function. The Golden Tip As the literature of the Pyramid measurers shows, many large volumes can be filled with estimates of the Pyramid's external and internal iimensions and speculations about their geodetic, astronomical and prophetic symbolism. The study is so obsessively fascinating that researchers are inclined to lose sight of the most important question of why the whole vast edifice was built. There is no doubt that within the Pyramid's fabric are encoded many scientific laws and formulas, but the preservation of such knowledge can scarcely have been the only motive of its builders. Its numerical properties must surely have had some practical purpose in relation to the form of science which the Pyramid was designed to serve. There has been much talk in recent years of 'pyramid power' and the possible function of the Great Pyramid as an accumulator and trans-former of cosmic energies. The idea certainly accords with the :raditional use of the Pyramid in connection with initiation, magic and nysticism, and it is supported by the occurrence of symbolic or 'magical' number series in its dimensions. The use of symbolic numbers in ancient temples was to procure the invocation of the god or aspect of cosmic energy which those numbers symbolized. Pyramid investigators ire confronted with an instrument designed for a type of science which today is no longer recognized. It is not, however, beyond recovery, for its records are preserved in the language of number, built into the Pyramid's dimensions, and these provide certain clues to the nature of the Pyramid's original function. All Pyramid measurers, and all who study its dimensions, purpose or any of its other aspects, find themselves inexorably drawn to the matter of its apex. Many of the clues within the Pyramid's geometry / Page 150 / and numbets point towards it, and several investigators have expressed the feeling that these clues were deliberately contrived, as if the builders were concerned to leave a record of their scientific code in monumental form, to be interpreted and put to use again by some future generation. Peter Lemesurier, the latest and most convincing of the interpreters of Pyramid chronologies and. prophecy, gives detailed reasons in his Great Pyramid Decoded for claiming that the historical outline of the six thousand years following its building in 2623 BC is recorded in the dimensions of the Pyramid's interior spaces. They are said to foretell the collapse of the present civilization in about the year AD 2004, followed some thirty years later by the Messianic return and the birth of a new order. That, according to other readers of Pyramid prophecy, is the time when the 'stone that the builders rejected', the missing capstone on the Pyramid, will be restored to the apex, reactivating the entire structure in accordance with its original purpose..." 2 x 6 x 2 x 3 = 72 Page 150 "Were it not for the common but inappropriate use of metric units in publishing details of antique weights, that feature would be more generally recognized."
"A series of clues to the composition of the final pyramidion at the very apex of the Pyramid begins with an observation in A.E. Berriman's Historical Metrology on the antiquity of the British or Imperial inch. There are a number of old Egyptian weights in the British Museum, and others from Greece and Babylon, whose standard of reference has proved to be the cubic inch of gold. Were it not for the common but inappropriate use of metric units in publishing details of antique weights, that feature would be more generally recognized. Five is the number chiefly associated with the pyramid form; which has five faces and five corners, and if 5 cubic inches of solid gold are modelled into the shape of a miniature Great Pyramid, the height of that model proves to be the very interesting measure of 0.152064 ft., which is a tenth part of the Greek cubit (1.52064 ft.), the unit in terms of which / . 152 ft A cubic inch of gold, actual size, in pyramid form. Height = one tenthof a Greek cubit. Page 151 / the area of the Pyramid's side measures 100,000 square cubits. That this small gold pyramidion was an integral part of the Pyramid's design is evident from the figures. Without it the dimensions are not quite complete, for if it were removed, the area of the Pyramid's side would be 99999.99 square cubits only. With the 5 cubic inches of gold pyramidion in place, the figure of 100,000 square cubits represents the total area..."
Without it the dimensions are not quite complete, for if it were removed, the area of the Pyramid's side would be 99999.99 square cubits only." "Without it the dimensions are not quite complete, for if it were removed, the area of the Pyramid's side would be 99999.99 square cubits only." "for if it were removed, the area of the Pyramid's side would be 99999.99 square cubits only." "the Pyramid's side would be 99999.99"
9999999
THE NEW VIEW OVER ATLANTIS John Michell 1983 Page 150 "A series of clues to the composition of the final pyramidion at the very apex of the Pyramid begins with an observation in A.E. Berriman's Historical Metrology on the antiquity of the British or Imperial inch. There are a number of old Egyptian weights in the British Museum, and others from Greece and Babylon, whose standard of reference has proved to be the cubic inch of gold. Were it not for the common but inappropriate use of metric units in publishing details of antique weights, that feature would be more generally recognized. Five is the number chiefly associated with the pyramid form; which has five faces and five corners, PYRAMID = 86 = PYRAMID PYRAMID = 41 = PYRAMID PYRAMID = 5 = PYRAMID Five is the number chiefly associated with the pyramid form; which has five faces and five corners,
THE DEATH OF FOREVER
Darryl Reaney 1991
Page 222
We are getting into very deep waters where ordinary experience cannot guide us. So again, as has become my habit in this penultimate Chapter, I will let a more eloquent voice speak for me. Not the voice of a scientist but of a poet-writer. In her remarkable retelling of the legend of Arthur, The Mists of Avalon, Marian Zimmer- Bradley makes her heroine, Morgan le Fay, say:
for this is the great secret, which was known to all educated men in our day, that by what men think, we create the world around us, daily new. With this discussion of synchronicity and self-consistency, we have arrived at the point where we can begin to see the strange relationship between consciousness and the universe, between the 'thought' within and the 'thing' without.
Wolf has summarised this viewpoint admirably: Our minds [i.e. consciousness] are thus tuned ... to multiple dimensions, multiple realities. The freely associating mind is able to pass across time barriers, sensing the future and reappraising the past . Our minds are time machines, able to sense the flow of possibility waves from both the past and the future. In my riew, there cannot be anything like existence without this higher form of quantum reality. All this sounds highly abstract, remote from the kind of consciousness you and I experience now. So let me bring the message close to home. Think back again to a moment when you suddenly felt really understood something you had not understood before. It may have been a mathematical problem you had been wrestling with for days. Suddenly, after hours of frustration, the answer was there - complete and perfect. This is the essence of insight. Things hitherto separate and unconnected suddenly 'click together'. The pieces of the jigsaw slide into place. As I have stressed, this integrative faculty is the hallmark of consciousness. The understanding that follows a 'Eureka' moment is not a surface comprehension; it is a 'deep knowing' that will stay with you for life precisely because it is part of a wider multiform consciousness, of which your mind is but a single unit. In deep knowing you become part of the self-unfolding of the cosmos. Think about this in terms of time. The answer you sought existed prior to your discovery of it. What happened in your flash of understanding was that your individual consciousness suddently 'caught up' with a truth already 'known'. It tapped into the completed, unitive consciousness that underpins the closed feedback loop of becoming. What you experienced was a faint foretaste of the final act in the evolution of consciousness, a memory of that magic future moment of total togetherness, when the distinction between observer and observed vanishes completely. One of the founding fathers of quantum mechanics, Werner Heisenberg, said of his subject 'The common division of the world into subject and object, inner world and outer, body and soul, is no 1anger adequate '. In saying this he, a scientist, found himself using / Page 224 / the language of mysticism. Compare Heisenberg' s words with those of the Dominican monk Meister Eckhart, 'the knower and the known are one', or the words of the Indian philosopher Krishnamurti, ' consciousness is its content' and 'there is neither the outer nor the inner but only the whole. The experiencer is the experienced ... the thinker is the thought'. Here then is the longed-for end of the age-old road. Here science and religion speak with a single voice, each subtending and validat ing the other. Here confusion ends and contradictions cease. All things one. Even the distinction between inner and outer, singer and song fades in the full light of completed consciousness. Even now, today, here, still trapped in time, if we strain our ears to their limit, we can just hear the strains of that distant music 'from some far shore the final chorus sounding' as Whitman said. A whisper of tomorrow, reaching into today. More than a beacon of hope, more than a promise of better things, a commitment from our higher selves to their lowlier foundations, a conviction that the creative evolution which fashioned man from microbe will fashion God from man, no, has fashioned God from man. From round the closed arc of time, the time-free God speaks to his time-trapped children, who are both his parents and his heirs. What then of the 'arrow of time', forever pointing towards decay and death? Hoyle gives us an interesting clue. Speaking of the ability of electromagnetic waves to propagate in both time directions, Hoyle notes that the propagation of radiation in the familiar past-to future time sense leads inevitably to loss of information. However, over evolutionary time, organisms have gained in complexity (such a gain in complexity being powered by the energy of the sun's radiation). He then goes on to suggest, as I have outlined above, that life uses information from the future. In 'realtime' science, such a suggestion would run foul of the Second Law of Thermodynamics. However, if time is closed into a loop, a relentless decay of order into noise is impossible because at some point in the 'circle', the situation must reverse itself so that noise becomes order. Again, in a metaphorical sense, the idea of a loop in time seems to resolve a paradox. In this metaphor, life and intelligence can draw, not only on information in their past, as 'remembered' in their DNA, but on information in their future, which is their past 'once removed'. Where does consciousness fit into this global picture? My problem here is a perfect example of the thing I have emphasised / Page 225 /omitted) Page 226 / over the past few chapters-of the way the words we choose, by trapping (defining) our thoughts in words, confuse the reality we are trying to reach. I have now implanted two 'models' in the readers' mind, Hawking's spacetime loop and Hoyle's idea of choice as a resultant of quantum uncertainties translated into conscious action (even if that 'action' is only the fixing ofathought in words). These two models do not mesh readily together. As always happens with language, I have brought clarity in one case only by muddying the waters in another. From this perspective, we can now map out an evolution of consciousness, in terms of the spacetime globe. In Figure 10.1, I sketch out a mandala, a mythic symbol in the form of a Hawking spacetime globe, a loop in time. Each pole is dark, symbolising undifferentiated 'simplicity' in a physical sense and total 'ignorance' (zero conscious ness) in a pyschological sense. From this darkness, gradually through evolution, light is born and increases in strength. That light is informa tion, the data stored in DNA code and in us expressed as consciousness. At this stage, we are low on the scale of consciousness. Beyond the 'now' point occupied by man at his present stage of evolution, the light of consciousness continues to brighten, reaching a maximum for reasons of pure symmetry at the 'equator' of the spacetime globe after which it fades away again to reach another pole of darkness. The 'pure symmetry' of the 'equator' is not just a turn of phrase. The point at which the cosmos reaches its maximum size has a special property because it is unique, marking the exact moment at which growth transmutes into decay. As such, it has something of the quality of a 'phase transition' or a 'symmetry breaking'. If consciousness reaches its full flowering at its point of maximum strength, its very perfection may, for reasons beyond our present comprehension, require a dissolution into darkness in order that it may realise itself again on the other side of the spacetime rim. This idea has its own poetic logic, for the definition of something perfect is that it has reached finality-it has fulfilled its 'dream', it has realised the most sublime expression of beauty that the cosmos is capable of. In a real sense, therefore, it can evolve no further because it has nowhere to go. If the structure of the cosmos is such that nothing can 'stand still', the only thing a'perfected structure can do is undergo a symmetry-breaking effect that reverses the process that brought it into being. At that climactic point of flawless and absolute perfection, the laws of physics may require that evolution / Page 227 / 'inverts itself', unbuilding what has been built, unlearning what has been learned, forgetting what has been remembered, destroying created order to regenerate creative chaos. If this idea still feels vaguely unsatisfying, remember that we are using a metaphor to try to convey some feeling for a concept which is beyond our power to conceive or formulate at this stage of our evolution. As usual, poetry gives us a sharper insight. Listen to what T.S. Eliot says in 'Burnt Norton': At the still point of the turning world. Neither flesh nor fleshless neither from nor towards: at the still point, there the dance is but neither arrest nor movement. And do not call it fixity where past and future are gathered. Neither movement from nor towards neither ascent nor decline. Except for the point, the still point there would be no dance, and there is only the dance And later words move, music moves only in time; but that which is only living can only die. Words, after speech, reach into the silence. Only by the form, the pattern can words or music reach the stillness, as a Chinese jar still moves perpetually in its stillness not the stillness of the violin, while the note lasts not that only, but the co-existence or say that the end precedes the beginning and the end and the beginning were always there before the beginning and after the end and all is always now In a symbolic way, this new mandala solves 'in song' many of the paradoxes which have bedevilled our quest for meaning through the course of this book. In Chapter 2, I painted a grim picture of the future in a cosmos destined to move to a state of maximum entropy, i.e. of death. In the mandala, the chain of cause-and-effect is continuous-maximum entropy is linked to and continuous with maximum order for the arrow of time points not only to the dark node but inevitably to the brightness beyond. This may be the final 'darkness before dawn' image. Page 228 The mandala also shows - clearly-how consciousness can be universal while at the same time being fractured into different reflecting crystals by ego-boundaries. In this representation, the 'lines of latitude' on the spacetime globe represent levels of consciousness, progressing from the preconscious minds of animals to the various levels of human consciousness and beyond. A thousand different human minds may reach a given 'line' on the scale by any one of a million different, meandering 'world line' routes (resulting from billions of different Y node choices) but, once there, the quality of the consciousness they experience will be identical. There are a million roads to the same place, a million roads to Avalon. What is true of man is also true of extraterrestrial intelligences, if they exist. Whatever the physical basis of its mentality, an alien lifeform would experience exactly the same quality of understanding at any given line of latitude as a human, for universal consciousness admits of no exceptions. In this mandala, there is no need for God to create (cause) the cosmos since the act of creation is itself a 'result' of its own prior 'effects' . Perhaps (only perhaps) the mandala metaphor allows us to see why ego-death can free consciousness from time even at our present, far-from-perfect stage of evolution. Consider the 'line of latitude' which the average human consciousness has almost but not quite reached on the spacetime globe as a 'breakthough point' at which ego-death occurs for most humans. Today, we are somewhere short of that threshold and all we can do is strive for the small ego-deaths that lead to those rare 'moments of insight' so treasured by those who have experienced them. These may be enough to allow us to escape our bondage to 'real time'. One only has to break the time threshold fleetingly to make a permanent contribution to the evolu tionary process for that breakthough, once it has happened, is indelibly imprinted into the fabric of spacetime. We must never lose sight of the fact that our past thoughts are as 'real' as our past bodies. They do not cease to exist just because our awareness is locked in the present. This is true not just of those things we remember but of the millions of forgotten Y node choices through which we fixed the pattern of our minds. The universe remembers them even if we do not. In this sense, the poet's intuition may be right: one moment may 'hold eternity'. So, finally, the pattern emerges. Through the haze of ego, / Page229 / through the limitations of ignorance, we of this generation begin to see something no other generation has such precise, mathematical detail. What we see, for the first time, is truth; the truth of what we are and whence we came. We know the scale of Deep Time: fifteen billion years. We know the evolutionary sequence: Big Bang - formless clouds of hydrogen (and helium) gas - galaxies - first generation stars - supernovae - second generation stars and planets - life - mind. We are beginning to feel in our bones just what this means. We see that from the periodic table, has come symphony orchestras, diamonds, the sound of starlings at sunset, Voyager space craft, the glitter of dew on spiderwebs at dawn, fractal images on computers, the laser light of cognitive awareness. This is a creative act of staggering proportions. We are the products of this evolutionary process. We are also its heirs and trustees. So here we stand at this human moment in evolution, sentient stardust looking back at its origins with eyes that see for the first time, a universe made conscious of itself. Poised on the present we look forward to the future - in both senses of the term. For here is the most intimately awesome realisation our science has bequethed us - the creative process that fashioned with us. We know that consciousness will continue to grow in strength until it is as far removed from the present human mentality as our minds are from the rudimentary nervous systems of the slipper animalcules that swarm in a drop of pond water; until its creative power is so great that it can realise itself, making its own unbegun splendour explode into being in a supreme 'instant' of conscsciously retroactive causation. In ten billion years, or ten million , or ... ? What is the climax of consciousness towards which the whole evolutionary process draws, the point of paradox where beginning and end meld? Is it God? I have already used caution that 'God' is only a word, a label. The reality is beyond our comprehension. If we could foresee the will evolve into, we would perish in an instant. It is a law of life that understanding only comes to a mind which is ready to recieve it. If cosmic consciousness were to flood into the present structure of the average human mind, if today's thought pattern were to unprepearedly 'know' tomorrow's consciousness, simultaneously aware of being at / Page 230 / the fine scale of atoms and the colossal scale of stars, mind would selfdestruct. Such premature insight would 'fry our brains'. In his wonderful prose poem 'Deep Time', physicist David Darling maps out the future path of consciousness in words I cannot improve upon. Even now, at the close of the twentieth century, we sense it. You and I are the infant cosmos, still only dimly aware, still only conscious of things immediately around the reality generators that are our minds. We perceive only dully, over a small range of wavelengths of light and sound, and we comprehend structure over only a narrow range in space and time. But, eventually, we will see X rays and gamma rays, radio waves and gravitational waves. And subatomic parti cles. And whole galaxies in their most intimate detail. We shall see and understand all there is to know. What we are today will evolve to become a single universe-wide mind, so that every particle in space will be within this cosmic consciousness -free, but aware. Every particle of which you and I are made will ultimately be reconstituted in this univer sal mind, along with everything else. Given such a prospect, we need hardly fear our own personal deaths. For nothing ever dies. And in Deep Time we shall be as one. This 'map' of future evolution allows us to remove the last fracture in our understanding, that final fissure that stops us from seeing things whole. In order to carry my argument through chapters 8 to 10 in logical order, I allowed the impression to develop that consciousness was largely a right brain function and ego largely la left brain function. In so doing, I preserved the very dualism I was trying to demolish. Let me therefore repeat a point I raised briefly in chapters 8 and 9 - that completed consciousness melds together right-brain holism and left-brain logic. It is not a sufficient function of consciousness that it simply 'sees' the oneness of things. The cosmos is a creative process, a stupendously generative act. This act demands work, the work that comes not from contemplation but from action. In the final analysis, the 'Western' tradition of science has been as necessary for the evolution of consciousness as the 'Eastern' tradition of mysticism. Far from being set against each other, these differing approaches support and enrich the complementary yin/yang oneness they create. Page 231 The insights of science - 'monuments of unaging intellect' - are part of the 'deep knowing' of consciousness. We must not confuse ego with intellect. While pre-scientific societies could intuitively sense the oneness of things, the cosmos could never realise itself without the detailed mathematical definition which science brings about. In a more profound sense, the self-realisation of the cosmos required - and requires - the ongoing 'collapse' of temporally symmetric quantum waves into matter, the transfiguration of possibility into actuality, the Fall from Eternity into Time. It is this endlessly repeating metamorphosis that produces in the 'static' spacetime world of being the dynamic adventure of becoming, that generates in us the sense of motion that so confuses us when we apply itto 'time'. For this 'Fall' is the 'heartbeat' of the cosmos - that which keeps it 'real' by making it 'whole' . Without this 'Fall' we and the world we inhabit would be but virtual quantum possibilities, shapeless dreams in the Mind of God. This mandala sings to us that consciousness will continue to evolve into a truly supreme state in which it will be fully timeless and creatively free of all limitations. In this state of divinity, it will have the capacity to build a world from what Paul Davies has called 'structured nothingness'. In this continuum the individual human brain is not simply a passive receiver, tuning in to information from both past and future. Rather, it receives data from the past and then by reworking it in consciousness creates the data that will go forward into the future. Consciousness is not just a mirror (another confusing image) which receives the light of truth with clearer definition as its ego-barriers go down. Consciousness is also an amplifier, a generator of the light that brightens beyond itself to reach the transcendent radience of the 'centre', the still point. Giver and receiver, consciousness is both, its ability to take and to give being handicapped by the level of growth it has reached and by the confusing noise of the ego-cage. A highly evolved mind free of self receives fully and gives fully. In both senses, it 'sees', it 'knows'. The message of this chapter, and this book, is, to me, flawlessly captured in my favourite poem, by English poet Siegfried Sassoon: I am that fantasy which race has wrought of mundane chance material. I am time paeaned by the senses five like bells that chime. / Page 232 / I am that cramped and crumbling house of clay where mansoul weaves the secret webs of thought. venturer-automaton - I cannot tell what powers and instincts animate and betray and do their dreamwork in me. Seed and star, sown by the wind, in spirit I am far from self, the dull control with whom I dwell also I am ancestral. Aeons ahead and ages back, both son and sire I live mote-like between the unquickened and the dead from whom I take, and unto whom I give
The Pursuit of Happiness Chapter 11 Fool! All that is, at all lasts ever, past recall; earth changes, but thy soul and God stand sure: what entered into thee that was, is, and shall be: time's wheel runs back or stops; Potter and clay endure Robert Browning The pages of this book have taken us on a journey to far off places. We have looked around the rim of space and time to the ultimate beginning and end of things and we havet looked at our dread of death and the misty genesis of faith. We have shared a journey of exploration. However, exploration is a poignant metaphor for the human state, for-what explorers seek in the outside world is often that which is missing in themselves. The brave pioneer is sometimes the lost child, looking for home. So, at the end of our story, inevitably, we come back to our point of origin, to the frail perishable constrructions of blood and flesh and bone that are you and I. In the light of where we have been, we ask a final question, a simple, almost plaintive question What is happiness? Happiness. What do we mean by this strange paradoxical, sad 'Word?
THE SIRIUS MYSTERY Was Earth visited by intelligent beings from a planet in the system of the star Sirius?Robert K.G.Temple 1976 Page 55 (number omitted) A Fairytale Once there was a beautiful bright star named Sothis, as fine as any goddess. She had long held a dominant position in the sky and been admired by all for her beauty. But of late she had felt unwell; indeed, it distinctly seemed to her that she felt her life ebbing away. Night by night she fell further from her high, proud place in the sky — closer to the skyline and what must surely be her certain death. Failing, failing, she clung to any companion star she could find, only to discover that they too felt this deathly weakness, and were sinking into a kind of sweet sleep. What was she to do? She felt her strength going nightly; she could hardly shine the way she wished. Once she had been as glamorous, as scintillating a queen of the night sky as ever had been seen. And now she felt she was as worthless as any old woman, her position at the centre of things gone, and her beauty fading steadily. . . . Towards the end she wept bitterly and her eyes reddened with the shame of her coming eclipse. She was so ill, her discomfort so acute. She was almost glad to welcome her fate, and that terrible line of earth and hills which she had dreaded, at last devoured her brilliant presence entirely. The night came and she was no more. Beneath the earth she rested in the balm of death. Page 56 But with her absence, how barren, how bleak, the sky now seemed. The disappearance of this renowned beauty from the vault of the heavens seemed such an unbearable deprivation. How the goddess was missed! Many mortal men shed bitter tears not to see the beauty who had infatuated them with her glancing eyes, her winsome smile, her slim waist and delicate feet. Were they never again to see her light tread in the celestial round dance of the stars ? I wrote this fairytale, from the point of view of an ancient Egyptian priest, in order to convey to the reader not only certain facts but also certain equally important and, unfortunately, extinct emotions. For the attitudes and feelings of ancient peoples are just as important as the dry description of what facts they believed.
THE I NEITHER WORLD OF NETHER WORLD NEITHER ONE THING OR THE OTHER
HOLY BIBLE
HOLY BIBLE Scofield References A.D. 30. Page 1117
JESUS ANSWERED AND SAID UNTO HIM, VERILY, VERILY I SAY UNTO THEE EXCEPT A MAN BE BORN AGAIN HE CANNOT SEE THE KINGDOM OF GOD
IN SEARCH OF THE MIRACULOUS
Page 217 'A man may be born ,but in order to be born he must first die, and in order to die he must first awake.'
THE SELF CRUCIFIXION OF THE CRUCIFIXION OF THE SELF THAT THAT THAT DYING SELF IS IS SELF DYING SOUL SO U LIVE SOUL SO U LEARN SOUL SO U LOVE SOUL
THE DEATH THE RED DEATH THE BLOODY RED DEATH THAT MARKS THE MIRRORED IMAGE SHATTERING OF THE I OF THE EYE IN THE I OF THE TRUTH BEHOLDER REMEMBERED AND DISMEMBERED ALL IN ALL THE ONLY RIGHT WAY TO DIE TRUTH DECLARED I AM THAT I NO LONGER NO LONGER THAT I AM I DECLARED TRUTH
REAL REALITY REVEALED REALITY REAL REAL9513REAL REALITY9513927REALITY 95451354 REALITY9513927REALITY REAL9513REAL REAL99REAL REALITY9999REALITY REVEALED9999 REVEALED REAL REALITY REVEALED REALITY REAL
R I SPIRIT I TRIPS I TRIPS I SPIRIT I R GODS HOST THE HOLY GHOST HOLY THE HOST GODS IN FORM AND OUT OF FORM OUT OF FORM AND IN
THIS IS THE SCENE OF THE SCENE UNSEEN THE UNSEEN SEEN OF THE SCENE UNSEEN THIS IS THE SCENE
THE SELF CRUCIFIXION OF THE CRUCIFIXION OF THE SELF THAT THAT THAT DYING SELF IS IS SELF DYING SOUL SO U LIVE SOUL SO U LEARN SOUL SO U LOVE SOUL
KNOW ME KNOW
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JoAPCwn7F-k Bring Me to Life (Thousand Foot Krutch song) From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia "Bring Me to Life" is a song by the rock band Thousand Foot Krutch on their album Welcome to the Masquerade. It was released as a single on April 22, 2009.
How can you see into my eyes like open doors -CHORUS- (Wake me up) now that I know what I’m without -CHORUS- (Wake me up) Bring me to life frozen inside without your touch without your love darling only you are the life among the dead all this time I can't believe I couldn't see -CHORUS- (Wake me up) (Bring me to life)
THE GARDEN OF THE GOLDEN FLOWER Longfield Beatty 1996 Page 207 / 208 "And the next quotation is "relayed" from Budge (op. Cit., p. 521), having come from Papyrus No. 10188 (Brit. Mus.) There have been some omissions in order to reinforce as much as possible the particular aspect of it which is our immediate concern."
" THE LAMENT OF THE SISTERS " ( Isis and Nepthys over the dead Osiris)
"Hail, beautiful boy, come to thy house, draw nigh after "Hail Beautiful Youth, Pilot of Time, who groweth "The Lord! How much more wonderful is he than his "Come back to us in thy actual form; we will embrace "Come thou in peace, our Lord, we would see thee. "Great Mighty One among the Gods, the road that thou "The Babe, the Child at morn and at eve, except when "Come, thou Babe, growing young when setting, our "Come in peace, Great Babe of His Father, thou art "Whilst thou travellest thou art hymned by us, and "Hail Beautiful Boy, come to thy exalted house.; let thy "Babe! How lovely it is to see thee! Come, come to us, "O ye gods who are in Heaven.
BRAHMA "If the red slayer think he slays, R.W. Emerson
WHY SMASH ATOMS A. K. Solomon 1940 Page 77 "ONCE THE FAIRY TALE HERO HAS PENETRATED THE RING OF FIRE ROUND THE MAGIC MOUNTAIN HE IS FREE TO WOO THE HEROINE IN HER CASTLE ON THE MOUNTAIN TOP"
THE TRUE AND INVISIBLE ROSICRUCIAN ORDER Paul Foster Case 1981 Page 108 " Concerning the Invisible, Magical Mountain and the Treasure therein Contained."
THE MAGIC MOUNTAIN Thomas Mann 1875-1955 Page 466 "Had not the normal, since time was, lived on the achievements of the abnormal? Men consciously and voluntarily descended into disease and madness, in search of knowledge which, acquired by fanaticism, would lead back to health; after the possession and use of it had ceased to be conditioned by that heroic and abnormal act of sacrifice. That was the true death on the cross, the true Atonement."
OM MANE PADME HUM
THE PROPHET Kahil Gibran Page 83/84/85/86 The veil that clouds your eyes shall be lifted by the hands that wove it, And the clay that fills your ears shall be pierced by those fingers that kneaded it. And you shall see And you shall hear. Yet you shall not deplore having known blindness, nor regret having been deaf For in that day you shall know the hidden purposes in all things, And you shall bless darkness as you would bless light. After saying these things he looked about him, and he saw the pilot of his ship standing by the helm and gazing now at the full sails and now at the distance. And he said: Patient, over patient, is the captain of my ship. The wind blows, and restless are the sails; Even the rudder begs direction; Yet quietly my captain awaits my silence. And these my mariners, who have heard the choir of the greater sea,they too have heard me patiently. Now they shall wait no longer. I am ready The stream has reached the sea, and once more THE GREAT MOTHER holds her son against her breast. Fare you well, people of Orphalese. This day has ended. It is closing upon us even as the water-lily upon its own tomorrow. What was given us here we shall keep, And if it suffices not, then again must we come together and together stretch our hands unto the giver. Forget not that I shall come back to you. . A little while, and my longing shall gather dust and foam for another body. A little while, a moment of rest upon the wind, and another woman shall bear me. Farewell to you and the youth I have spent with you. It was but yesterday we met in a dream. You have sung to me in my aloneness, and I of your longings have built a tower in the sky. But now our sleep has fled and our dream is over, and it is no longer dawn. The noontide is upon us and our half waking has turned to fuller day, and we must part. If in the twilight of memory we should meet once more, we shall speak again together and you shall sing to me a deeper song. and if our hands should meet in another dream we shall build another tower in the sky. So saying he made a signal to the seamen, and straightaway they weighed anchor and cast the ship loose from its moorings, and they moved eastward. And a cry came from the people as from a single heart, and it rose into the dusk and was carried out over the sea like a great trumpeting. Only Almitra was silent, gazing after the ship until it had vanished into the mist. And when all the people were dispersed she still stood alone upon the sea-wall, remembering in her heart his saying: A little while, a moment of rest upon the wind, and another woman shall bear me.'
I ISISIS THE NINTH LETTER IN THE ENGLISH ALPHABET I AM 9 9 AM I
ALWAYS REMOVE THE I AND R SEE WHERE YOU ARE SEE WHERE YOU ARE
THE SPLENDOUR THAT WAS EGYPT Margaret A. Murray Appendix 4 The New Year of God Cornhill Magazine 1934 Page 231/233 "Three o'clock and a still starlight night in mid-September in Upper Egypt. At this hour the village is usually asleep, but to-night it is a stir for this is Nauruz Allah, the New Year of God, and the narrow streets are full of the soft sound of bare feet moving towards the Nile. The village lies on a strip of ground; one one side is the river, now swollen to its height, on the other are the floods of the inundation spread in a vast sheet of water to the edge of the desert. On a windy night the lapping of wavelets is audible on every hand; but to-night the air is calm and still, there is no sound but the muffled tread of unshod feet in the dust and the murmur of voices subdued in the silence of the night. In ancient times throughout the whole of Egypt the night of High Nile was a night of prayer and thanks giving to the great god , the Ruler of the river, Osiris himself. Now it is only in this Coptic village that the ancient rite is preserved, and here the festival is still one of prayer and thanksgiving. In the great cities the New Year is a time of feasting and processions, as blatant and uninteresting as a Lord Mayor's Show, with that additional note of piercing vulgarity peculiar to the East. In this village, far from all great cities, and-as a Coptic community-isolated from and therefore uninfluenced either by its Moslem neighbours or by foreigners, the festival is one of simplicity and piety. The people pray as of old to the Ruler of the river, no longer Osiris, but Christ; and as of old they pray for a blessing upon their children and their homes. There are four appointed places on the river bank to which the village women go daily to fill their water-jars and to water their animals. To these four places the villagers are now making their way, there to keep the New Year of God. The river gleams coldly pale and grey; Sirius blazing in the eastern sky casts a narrow path of light across the mile-wide waters. A faint glow low on the horizon shows where the moon will rise, a dying moon on the last day of the last quarter. The glow gradually spreads and brightens till the thin crescent, like a fine silver wire, rises above the distant palms. Even in that attenuated form the moonlight eclipses the stars and the glory of Sirius is dimmed. The water turns to the colour of tarnished silver, smooth and glassy; the palm-trees close at hand stand black against the sky, and the distant shore is faintly visible. The river runs silently and without a ripple in the windless calm; the palm fronds, so sensitive to the least movement of the air, hang motionless and still; all Nature seems to rest upon this holy night. The women enter the river and stand knee-deep in the running stream praying; they drink nine times, wash the face and hands, and dip themselves in the water. Here is a mother carrying a tiny wailing baby; she enters the river and gently pours the waternine times over the little head. The wailing ceases as the water cools the little hot face. Two anxious women hasten down the steep bank, a young boy between them; they hurriedly enter the water and the boy squats down in the river up to his neck, while the mother pours the water nine times with her hands over his face and shaven head. There is the sound of a little gasp at the first shock of coolness, and the mother laughs, a little tender laugh, and the grandmother says something under her breath, at which they all laugh softly together. After the ninth washing the boy stands up, then squats down again and is again washed nine times, and yet a third nine times; then the grandmother takes her turn and she also washes him nine times. Evidently he is very precious to the hearts of those two women, perhaps the mother's last surviving child. Another sturdy urchin refuses to sit down in the water, frightened perhaps, for a woman's voice speaks encouragingly, and presently a faint splashing and a little gurgle of childish laughter shows that he too is receiving the blessing of the Nauruz of God. A woman stands alone, her slim young figure in its wet clinging garments silhouetted against the steel-grey water. Solitary she stands, apart from the happy groups of parents and children; then, stooping , she drinks from her once, pauses and drinks again; and so drinks nine times with a short pause between every drink and a longer pause between every three. Except for the movement of her hand as she lifts the water to her lips, she stands absolutely still, her body tense with the earnestness of her prayer, the very atmosphere round her charged with the agony of her supplication. Throughout the whole world there is only one thing which causes a woman to pray with such intensity, and that one thing is children. " This may be a childless woman praying for a child, or it may be that, in this land where Nature is as careless and wasteful of infant life as of all else, this a mother praying for the last of her little brood, feeling assured that on this festival of mothers and children her prayers must perforce be heard. At last she straightens herself, beats the water nine times with the corner of her garment, goes softly up the bank, and disappears in the darkness. Little family parties come down to the river, a small child usually riding proudly on her father's shoulder. The men often affect to despise the festival as a woman's affair, but with memories in their hearts of their own mothers and their own childhood they sit quietly by the river and drink nine times. A few of the rougher young men fling themselves into the water and swim boisterously past, but public feeling is against them, for the atmosphere is one of peace and prayer enhanced by the calm and silence of the night. Page 232 and 233 Continued. For thousands of years on the night of High Nile the mothers of Egypt have stood in the great river to implore from the God of the Nile a blessing upon their children; formerly from a God who Himself has memories of childhood and a Mother. Now, as then, the stream bears on its broad surface the echo of countless prayers, the hopes and fears of human hearts; and in my memory remains a vision of the darkly flowing river, the soft murmur of prayer, the peace and calm of the New Year of God. Abu Nauruz hallal.
THE WORD "NINE" OCCURS x 9 AND "NINTH" x 1
Page 231/233 "Three o'clock and a still starlight night in mid-September in Upper Egypt. At this hour the village is usually asleep, but to-night it is a stir for this is Nauruz Allah, the New Year of God
Page 231/233 "Three o'clock and a still starlight night in mid-September in Upper Egypt. At this hour the village is usually asleep, but to-night it is a stir for this is Nauruz Allah, the New Year of God
THAT BELOW I THOUGHT YOU SHOULD READ DEAR DREAMER
The Complete Book Of FORTUNE 1988 Page 280 9 The Nonagon, the number 9, or the Ennead was known to many of the ancients as Perfection and Concord, and as being unbounded.The latter quality was attributed to it from certain peculiarities manifested by the figure 9 when treated mathematically If 9 is multiplied by itself, or any single figure, the two figures in the product when added together always equal 9. For example: 9 x 3 = 27 = 2+7 = 9; 9 x9 = 81 = 8+1 = 9; 9 x5 = 45 = 4+5 = 9; and so on. Similarly, if the numbers from 1 to 9 inclusive are added together, totalling 45, the result of adding 4 to 5 = 9; if 9, 18, 27, 36, 45, 54, 63, 72, 81 are added the sum is 405 or 4 +0 + 5 = 9. Again, if any row of figures is taken, their order reversed, and the smaller number subtracted from the larger, the sum of the numerals in the answer will always be 9. For example:- 74368215 51286347 23081868 and 2+3+0+8+1+8+6+8 = 36 = 8+6 = 9.
In ancient Rome the market days were called novendinae, for they were held every ninth day; we remember that Lars Porsena "By the nine gods he swore"; the Hydra, a monster of mythology, had nine heads; the Styx was supposed to encircle the infernal regions nine times; the fallen angels in "Paradise Lost" fell for nine days; the Jews held the belief that Jehovah came down to the earth nine times; initiation into many secret societies of the East consisted of nine degrees; and magicians of former times would draw a magic circle nine feet in diameter and therein raise departed spirits."
9+9 = 18 1+8 = 9 NINE + 9 = 15 1+5 = 6
DREAMER READ DEAR DREAMER
Bible Study - The Five Books of Moses > The Word of God: The ...Many scriptures show us that Moses was responsible for the first five books of the Bible. 'The Five Books of Moses' (washingtonpost.com)24 Oct 2004 ... In his superbly attentive translation of the five books of Moses (Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy), he has set himself a ... Judaism 101: TorahIn its most limited sense, "Torah" refers to the Five Books of Moses: Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers and Deuteronomy. But the word "torah" can also be ...
GODS AND SPACEMEN IN THE ANCIENT EAST W. Raymond Drake 1968 New evidence on the unexplained mysteries of civilization in the ancient East Page 124 "it is said that in the ancient Egyptian language OS-IRIDE meant 'mouth of the iris'168 or 'the voice of the light..."
OS-RIDE SO R I DE SO 9 9 9
OSIRIS SO IRIS ISIS IS ISIS IRIS SO OSIRIS
FINGERPRINTS OF THE GODS Graham Hancock 1995 Page 411(number omitted) "According to Heliopolitan theology, the nine original gods who appeared in Egypt in the First Time were Ra, Shu, Tefnut, Geb, Nut, Osiris, Isis, Nepthys and Set. The offspring of these deities included well-known figures such as Horus and Anubis. In addition, other companies of gods were recognized, notably at Memphis and Hermopolis, where there were important and very ancient cults dedicated to Ptah and to Thoth.1 These First Time deities were all in one sense or another gods of creation who had given shape to chaos through their divine will. Out of that chaos they formed and populated the sacred land of Egypt,2 wherein, for many thousands of years, they ruled among men as divine pharaohs.3
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w9aYrHzEW-w
LOOK AT THE SEVENS LOOK AT THE SEVENS THE SEVENS THE SEVENS THE SEVENS
EGYPT 57772 EGYPT EGYPT 777 EGYPT 5+2 =7 EGYPT EGYPT 57772 EGYPT EGYPT EGYPT 57772 EGYPT
YIN YANG YIN YANG YIN YANG 795-7157 YIN YANG YIN YANG 795 7157 YIN YANG YIN YANG YIN YANG
THE SIRIUS MYSTERY Robert K.G.Temple 1976 Page 82 The Sacred Fifty " We must return to the treatise 'The Virgin of the World'. This treatise is quite explicit in saying that Isis and Osiris were sent to help the Earth by giving primitive mankind the arts of civilization: "Page 73 A Fairy Tale 'I INVOKE THEE, LADY ISIS, WITH WHOM THE GOOD DAIMON DOTH UNITE, HE WHO IS LORD IN THE PERFECT BLACK.'
KEEPER OF GENESIS A QUEST FOR THE HIDDEN LEGACY OF MANKIND Robert Bauval Graham Hancock 1996 Return to the Beginning Page 283 'I stand before the masters who witnessed the genesis, who were the authors of their own forms, who walked the dark, circuitous passages of their own becoming. . .
I stand before the masters who witnessed the transformation of the body of a man into the body in spirit, who were witnesses to resurrection when the corpse of Osiris entered the mountain and the soul of Osiris walked out shining. . . when he came forth from death, a shining thing, his face white with heat. . . I stand before the masters who know the histories of the dead, who decide which tales to hear again, who judge the books of lives as either fun or empty, who are themselves authors of truth. And they are Isis and Osiris, the divine intelligences. And when the story is written and the end is good and the soul of a man is perfected, with a shout they lift him into heaven. . .' Ancient Egyptian Book of the Dead (Norrnandi Ellis translation)
I ME I SAY ISIS SAY I I SAY OSIRIS SAY I I SAY CHRIST SAY I I SAY KRISHNA SAY I I SAY RISHI ISHI ISHI RISHI SAY I I SAY VISHNU SHIVA SHIVA VISHNU SAY I ARISES THAT SUN SETS THAT SUN SETS THAT SUN ARISES THAT SUN OSIRIS THAT SON SETS THAT SON SETS THAT SON OSIRIS THAT SON
WISDOM OF THE EAST by Hari Prasad Shastri 1948 Page 8 "There is no such word in Sanscrita as 'Creation' applied to the universe. The Sanscrita word for Creation is Shristi, which means 'projection' Creation means to bring something into being out /Page 9/ of nothing, to create, as a novelist creates a character. There was no Miranda, for example, until Shakespeare created her. Similarly the ancient Indians (this term is innacurately used as there was no India at that time). who were our ancestors long, long ago. used a word for creation that means 'projection'
SRI KRISHNA RISHI KRISHNA SRI KRSNA RISHI KRSNA SHRI KRISHNA RISHI KRISHNA SHRI
Middle Eastern Mythology S. H. Hooke 1963 Page 111/112 Hebrew Mythology "Next, and again out of the soil, Yahweh moulds animals and birds, to see if they may provide a help for the man, but since the man recognizes none of these as suitable for this purpose, Yahweh causes a magic sleep (the Hebrew /word tardemah indicates a supernatural sleep; compare Gen. 15:12) to overwhelm the man, and takes out a 'rib' (the Hebrew word also means 'side' and 'builds' it into a woman as his counterpoint, and in 3:20 gives her the name Hawwah, Eve, which means 'life'. The other apellation given to her in 2:3, Ishshah, is not a proper name but the usual Hebrew word for 'wife', the feminine of 'ish, man, or husband (cf. Hos. 2:16)"
The Astral Transition - 9:50amThis is exactly what happened to Osiris, when his brother Set (plus 72 conspirators), tricked Osiris into getting into a coffin, then threw it into the Nile ... www.diagnosis2012.co.uk/ast.htm
The Astral Transition - Clues From Egypt and Siberia Suggest a Shamanic Experience in 2012! Ecdysone and the non-molecular body Dr. Charles Muses, who died last year (2000), suggests in his 1985 book The Lion Path , 1 that the Egyptians had developed a technology in which tones, lights and an as-yet unidentified plant are used, to “open a rusty valve”, or trigger the production of hormones similar to the ecdysone (ecdydsterone), produced by larval forms of insects, which allows the adult form to emerge. In this way, they would allow the gestation of a non-molecular body that would allow the survival of consciousness beyond physical death. Just as every chrysalis has embossed wings on it, so too, does every mummy case have folded wings on it. The process was started well before death, and completed during the 70-day embalming period, that was connected to the 70-day disappearance of Sirius. Muses, a mathematician, philosopher & computer scientist, was convinced that the synchronous perihelion (closest point of planetary orbit to the sun), of Pluto, with the periastron (closest approach of 2 stars to each other), of Sirius B and Sirius A, which both occurred in 1994, and only happen together every 90,000 years, allowed a flow of resonant energies, and the possibility of an evolutionary jump for those prepared to follow the clues left by the Egyptians. He produced a series of cassettes designed to be used at astrologically pre-determined times, while meditating, in order to produce “ the higher human analogue of the lepidopteran metamorphic hormone, ecdysterone”. This would then “activate certain genes whose functions would otherwise remain inaccessible”. The transformative energies would start slowing in January 1999, and stop by May 2000, and Muses says that those unable to complete their development before then, would have to “re-incarnate on the life-bearing planets of other solar systems that are on a later (and non-Plutonic), Meta-Cycle”. Shamanic Egyptians In Wm. R. Fix’s 1979 book Star Maps, 2 the author shows the correspondence between shamanic flight and the initiation rituals of Egypt. In the 4,300-year old Pyramid Texts, on the walls of the Pyramid of Unas, it is stated repeatedly that “He is not dead, this Unas is not dead”. In fact, Fix makes it plain that the reason why no bodies have ever been found in any pyramids – even those which were sealed – is because the pyramids were designed for initiation - to facilitate a OOBE or out-of-body-experience, in which the pharaoh would be gone for about 3 days, first orbiting the planet, and then going to the circumpolar stars, to become a purified spirit, (no wonder we call it astral projection!). Upon his return, Unas was told, “Put on thy body”. A Lapland shaman's drum shows the Axis Mundi uniting the 3 worlds. Another drum painting shows the axis pointing to the circumpolar stars. Shamans too, traditionally fly to the polar stars, and the Axis Mundi, or World Tree, which represents the earth axis, (and connects with the underworld below, and heaven above), is shown on some of their drums, as the route taken to the polar stars. Shamans usually employ drumming, fasting and power plants to access the other planes, and typically experience dismemberment, where they are torn to pieces, then put back together again, as a kind of re-birth. This is exactly what happened to Osiris, when his brother Set (plus 72 conspirators), tricked Osiris into getting into a coffin, then threw it into the Nile. The coffin became embedded in a tamarisk tree, and was eventually used as a pillar in a palace. Isis found the coffin, and hid it, but Set discovered it, and cut Osiris into 14 pieces. With the help of Thoth, Isis found all the pieces except one – the phallus - and re-assembled Osiris. With Thoth’s magic, and a wooden phallus, Isis conceived Horus. Then Osiris ascended. Mystery religions These shamanic themes formed the Osiris cult, then found their way into other Mystery religions, such as the Greek Mysteries of Dionysus at Eleusis, Attis in Asia Minor, Bachus in Italy, and Mithras in Persia. They all involved a voluntary death, a flight from the body, a descent into the underworld, an ascent to heaven, then a resurrection. They also had a sacrament, which, in later versions was wine, but in the Mysteries of Mithras, “developed from older rites which used consecrated bread and water mixed with the intoxicating juice of a psychedelic plant called Haoma.” 3 The various cultures all adapted one of their gods to take on the role of the resurrecting god-man, but, when a Jewish sect wanted their own Mystery religion, it was a bit more difficult, since they only had one god, so they based the Mysteries around the figure of the Jewish Messiah. Freke and Gandy, in their book The Jesus Mysteries,4 have pointed out 30 correspondences between the Dionysus/Osiris Mysteries and Christianity. I have also found Mithraism/Christianity correspondences in Pears Cyclopedia: Dionysus/Osiris Mysteries Mithraism & Christianity (Jesus Mysteries by Freke & Gandy) (Pears Cyclopaedia)
1. Virgin birth 1.Miraculous birth 2. Born in cave on 25th December 2. 25th December birth of founder 3. Crucifixion (or stuck to/in a tree) 3. Death & glorious resurrection 4. Birth prophesied by star 4. Belief in Heaven & hell 5. 3 shepherds visited the birth 5. Immortality of the soul 6. Baptism 6. Last Judgement 7. Water into wine 7. Sunday as Holy day 8. Miracles 8. Celebration of Easter 9. Transfiguration 9. Use of bell, Holy Water & candle 10. 12 disciples 11. Eating of bread & wine (=flesh and blood) to commune with the god) 12. Death redeems sins of world 13. Descends into Hell & resurrects after 3 days 14. Ascends to Heaven to appear as judge at the end of time 15. 3 women followers visit empty tomb. Etc. etc.
These were the outer mysteries; the Gnostics retained the inner mysteries.
Precession encoded Santillana and von Dechend, in their 1969 book, Hamlet’s Mill,5 have shown that there has been a knowledge of the Precession of the Equinoxes, for millennia, and that it has been encoded into mythology all over the world. This concerns the slow movement of the Earth axis in a circle, which takes about 26,000 years to complete. Plato called this the Great Year, of 25,920 years. The vernal (spring) equinox slowly moves through all 12 Zodiac constellations over the 25,920 years, until it comes back to its starting point. Actually, it is the background stars that are moving – the equinox stays in the same place. Each constellation takes 2,160 years to cross the equinoctial point, and it takes 72 years for each of the 360 degrees of the sky to rotate. The constellations also oscillate up and down over the precession. Robert Bauval and his co-authors 6 have shown that the Egyptians were measuring this movement from the First Time of Osiris, (Zep Tepi), which they put at 10,500 BC, when Orion was at its lowest point, to the Last Time of Osiris, which is coming up soon, (half a precessional cycle later), when Orion reaches its highest position. These precessional numbers – 72, 360, 2,160, 4,320 (2x 2,160), and 25,920, have been found encoded into Egyptian myths, such as the one where Ra, upon discovering his wife’s infidelity, said she was not to bear children on any of the 360 days of the year. Thoth intervened and played a game of draughts with the Moon, and won 1/72nd part of the Moon’s light, creating the extra 5 epagomenal days, on which were born Isis, Osiris, Set, Nephthys, and Horus the elder. (360/72=5). Encoded here is 72 x 360 = 25,920. Remember also the 72 conspirators of Set, who caused Osiris to become part of the tree! Every year, the Egyptians held a festival for Raising the Djed. The Djed was a pillar with 4 rings on it, which represented the backbone of Osiris, the tree he was entombed in, and the axis of the Earth. Barbara Hand Clow has pointed out, in her new book Catastrophobia, 7 that the relief showing the Raising of the Djed in the Temple at Abydos, shows the Djed at an initial angle of “20 to 25 degrees off vertical” – the same as the angle of tilt on Earth’s axis. When measuring the image with a protractor, it is actually within a degree of the 23.5 degree tilt angle. Clow says that around 9,500 BC, at the end of the ice-age, the catastrophe pinpointed by Allan & Delair in When the Earth Nearly Died, 8 when supernova fragments passed close to Earth, caused the start of the precession cycle, by knocking the axis away from vertical. Djed = Axis Mundi = Tree of Life = Tree of Knowledge
Raising the djed, and Osiris as the djed - surmounted by feathers in both cases. Mayan polar axis (also surmounted by feathers -7 Macaw) with snake around it
The Mystic Cross of The Great Hierophant; Arcanum 5 of the Tarot. "The perpendicular stem of the Cross means the channel through which flows the current, passing through the three lower worlds, symbolized by the horizontal arms of the Cross." See how this relates to the 3 worlds of the Shamans (see drum above), and the Kabbalistic Tree of Life *, though the Kabbalists had 4 worlds. The central column, or Middle Pillar also represented the human spine, with its kundalini serpent, just as the djed represented the spine of Osiris. Some Egyptian papyri show the world tree administering spiritual nourishment, thereby combining the concepts of the World Tree, Tree of Life, and Tree of Knowledge. This connection is also emphasised on Stela 25 from Izapa, Mexico, which shows “Hunahpu with Seven Macaw in his polar perch”. The polar axis is shown looking very similar to a Djed pillar, with Seven Macaw representing the Big Dipper (Plough/Great Bear) constellation. John Major Jenkins has shown in his book Maya Cosmogenesis 2012, 9 that the Maya were tracking precession, and that this is what is behind the Long Count calendar. The Crocodile Tree on the stela represents the Milky Way, and Hunahpu is shaking Seven Macaw off his perch, representing the precessional movement of the Big Dipper away from the celestial pole (and also signifying the change in preferred shamanic destination to Galactic Centre, via the Crocodile/Caiman Tree). Notice that there is a snake wrapped around the two trees! Tree of Knowlege is Amanita Muscaria - a 13th Century fresco in Plaincourault in France In Plaincourault, France, there is a mural showing the Tree of Knowledge , with the snake wrapped around it, and Eve talking to the snake. The Tree is a Fly Agaric mushroom! The Fly Agaric is, of course, a hallucinogenic mushroom, and John Allegro, who translated the Dead Sea Scrolls, went as far as to suggest that the early Christians used it as a sacrament. Bishop Jim Pike, (a friend of sci-fi author Philip k. Dick), found the argument so convincing, that he went to the desert near Qumran on the Dead Sea, in search of Fly Agarics – but unfortunately, he died of dehydration while in the desert. Gordon Wasson wrote a book called Soma, Divine Mushroom of Immortality, identifying the Fly Agaric with Soma, the sacrament of the Hindus, meaning “body”, (which gives us the word somatic). Andrija Puharich also wrote a book about Fly Agaric, called the Sacred Mushroom – Key to the Door of Eternity. A summary of all this can be found in James Arthur’s book, Mushrooms and Mankind. Taking the pee? Every year at Christmas, we re-enact our own Mystery play, which has somehow survived to remind us of all this. December 25th used to be Winter solstice. It is the birthday of the god-man Osiris/Dionysus/Mithras/Jesus, who, as Osiris, represents the polar axis, (Djed) and its 72 x 360-year precession cycle. We pretend that a wise old elf called Santa Claus flies through the sky, pulled by reindeer, (having frozen time, so he can visit everyone), and enters via the chimney. He leaves traditionally wrapped red and white gifts under a pine tree that we have brought indoors, and in socks hanging over the fireplace. Then he flies off to the North Pole! In Siberia, since time immemorial, around Winter Solstice shamans have gathered the red and white Fly Agaric mushrooms from under the very same pine trees we put in our living rooms, and distributed them from a sack. In Siberia, the entrances to homes are in the roof, and double as a smoke outlet, so they really are entering via the chimney! The mushrooms are left to dry out by hanging them over the hearth. The mushrooms have to be gathered quickly, because the reindeer love them. However, it is a fact that the psychoactive ingredient can be recycled several times, and unpleasant side effects such as vomiting, are thus avoided. It is also a fact that the reindeer love eating yellow snow! If a reindeer herder wants to gather his herd, he only has to urinate, and they all come running. That is why the reindeer all fly along in frozen time. Even the reindeer names reinforce the encoding (– see Solstice Studios for more info). The tree also represents the Axis Mundi, with the candles or lights and baubles representing stars, and the star on the top representing the Pole Star. It is usually a 5-pointed star, and therefore encodes 72, since a pentacle is formed by 5 x 72-degree angles. Santa lives at the North Pole, which encodes the OOBE destination, and Santa’s helpers, the elves, are either the fourth dimensional astral beings encountered, or even our higher dimensional selves - also represented by the angel/fairy on the tree. What crazy kind of world is this? Is Jack’s trip up the beanstalk to get the golden eggs another version? Is Humpty Dumpty an exploded planet? What does it all mean? As I said just now, Jenkins has shown that the Maya were tracking precession with the Long Count calendar, but rather than the Vernal Equinox, they were tracking the movement of stars (the Milky Way) against the Winter Solstice. He also showed that the Mayan 13-baktun cycle (5,125 years), ends on Winter Solstice 2012. What is more, the Maya used to take hallucinogens, including toad venom, and psilocybin mushrooms. Jenkins has also found some evidence they may have taken Amanita Muscaria (Fly Agaric),10 but they mainly used the psilocybin mushroom. This is the same mushroom that Terence & Dennis McKenna took, when they were “informed by an elf-troupe that the laws of physics would change in 2012”, and conceived the Timewave Zero concept – a hierarchy of waves governing all change in the universe, and terminating in 2012, encoded in the Chinese I Ching oracle. The psilocybin mushrooms contain DMT, which is also produced in the pineal gland, or third eye, and which is shaped LIKE A PINE-CONE. Some have suggested that the Egyptians too, took psilocybin mushrooms. They did take the blue water lily, which Paul Devereux says in The Long Trip – A Prehistory of Psychedelia,11 “was the form in which Isis restored the murdered Osiris, and was thus a symbol for him”. The lily has hypnotic effects. Devereux says the Egyptians also had access to opium (which gave Errol Flynn an out-of-body experience), and khat, which produces a dream-like state. Also, in the Americas, a different species of tobacco was taken, and in huge doses. A near-lethal dose can give an OOBE. We have heard recently of the “cocaine mummies” found in Egypt – well, they also contained large amounts of nicotine – another plant that should not have been in Egypt – very upsetting for Egyptologists! Devereux has shown that most of these power plants can cause OOBEs when taken in large enough doses, or in combination, (though very dangerous or unpleasant in some cases), and that they have been used for just such purposes for thousands of years. In another book – Shamanism and the Mystery Lines,12 Devereux makes a very strong case that these magical shamanic flights were associated with the alignments we know as Ley Lines, where ancient barrows, standing stones, stone circles, and even pre-reformation churches (built on sacred sites), are aligned in straight lines. Will the “Galactic Winter Solstice” in 2012 allow a mass out-of-body experience? Will celestial and terrestrial grids align? Will a passing celestial body re-align the Axis Mundi to its pre-fall state? Or maybe the falling geomagnetic field will lead to a magnetic reversal, and switch our polarity ( OOBE researcher Robert Monroe found that the body’s polarity reverses while out of body). Maybe the Sun’s sunspot mega-cycle will trigger it (largest EVER solar flare in April 2001- fortunately pointing away from Earth – plus 11-year sunspot cycle just shunted forward almost a year, shifting the next solar Max. to 2012). Or it may be triggered by magnetised bands of plasma which the solar system is passing through. Better get practising those OOBEs!: Click here for safe, non-toxic OOBE resources, and here for a new astral projection site with free online courses. More info at www.egodeath.com/amanita.htm *NB reversed positions of Star & Emperor UPDATE: This crop formation appeared on 15th July at east field, Alton Barnes, Wiltshire, UK. It connects many of the themes of this essay: It points directly to a Long Barrow called Adam's Grave, thus being identified as the apple tree of the Tree of Knowledge in the Garden of Eden, and showing a mushroom with gills in its reflection, thus suggesting that the tree of Knowledge could be a fly-agaric or other psychoactive mushroom, by which shamans "climbed" the tree. It also shows a heaven/overworld and an underworld, suggesting the Norse Yggdrasil, on which Odin hung himself for 3 days to attain knowledge. See http://www.cropcircleconnector.com/2002/eastfield2/eastfield2002b.html
East Field, Wilts., UK 15/7/02 C. Photo: Steve Alexander Yggdrasil Notes 1. The Lion Path: You Can Take It With You by Muasios (Charles Muses) House of Horus 1985-90; 45911 Silver Avenue, Sardis, BC, V2R 1Y8, Canada. 2. Star Maps by Wm. R. Fix, Octopus Books, 1979; 59, Grosvenor St,., London W1 3. The Jesus Mysteries, by Timothy Freke & Peter Gandy, Thorsons, London, 1999; p. 61 4. Ibid. 5. Hamlet's Mill - An Essay Investigating the Origins of Human Knowledge and its Transmission Thrtough Myth, by Giorgio De Santillana and Hertha Von Dechend, David R. Godine, Publisher, Inc., Boston, Massachusetts, USA; 1977-92 6. The Orion Mystery by Robert Bauval & Adrian Gilbert, Mandarin Paperbacks, London, 1995; Keepers of Genesis, by Robert Bauval & Graham Hancock, Heinemann, London, 1996. 7. Catastrophobia, by Barbara Hand Clow, Bear & Co., Rochester, Vermont, USA; 2001 8. When The Earth Nearly Died - Compelling Evidence of a Catastrophic World Change 9,500 BC, by DS Allan & JB Delair; Gateway Books, Bath, UK, 1995 9. Maya Cosmogenesis 2012, by John Major Jenkins, Bear & Co, 1998 10. Ibid., p.193 11. The Long Trip - A Prehistory of Psychedelia, by Paul Devereux, Arkana (Penguin) 1997; p.88 12. Shamanism and the Mystery Lines, Llewellyn publications, 1999
72 x 14 = 1008 1+8 = 9 72 + 14 = 86 8 + 6 = 14 1+4 = 8
I
XIPE
TOTEC
I REMEMBER NOW THE BLOOD WEDDING THE SACRED BLOOD SACRIFICE
AND THE RAISING IN TRIUMPH OF MINE STILL BEATING ART
THE CALENDAR David Ewing Duncan 1 999 Page 26 "The Mayas multiplied the baktun 13 to get what they termed a Great Cycle" equal to 5,130 years.
FINGERPRINTS OF THE GODS Graham Hancock 1995 THE SUN AND THE MOON AND THE WAY OF THE DEAD CHAPTER 23 TEOTIHUANCAN PYRAMID OF THE SUN Page 190 Part III July. On these two dates, and not by accident, the west face of the pyramid was oriented precisely to the position ofthe setting sun." A more curious but equally deliberate effect could be observed. on the equinoxes, 20 March and 22 September. Then the passage of the sun's rays from south to north resulted at noon in the progressive obliteration of a perfectly straight shadow that ran along one of the lower stages of the western facade, The whole process, from complete shadow to complete illumination, took exactly 66.6 seconds. It had done so without fail, year-in year-out, ever since the pyramid had been built and would continue to do so until the giant edifice crumbled into dust." Temple of the Warriors Temple of Kukulkan Chichen Itza Page 104 I continued to climb the steps of the Temple of the Warriors. Weighing on my mind was the unforgettablefact that the ritual of human sacrifice had been routinely practised here in pre Colombian times. The empty plate that Chacmool held across his stomach had once served as a receptacle for freshly extracted hearts. Page 105 'If the victim's heart was to be taken out,' reported one Spanish observer in the sixteenth century,they conducted him with great display .. '. and placed him on the sacrificial stone. Four of them took hold of his arms and legs, spreading them out. Then the executioner came, with a flint knife in his hand, and with great skill made an incision between the ribs on the left side, below the nipple; then he plunged in his hand and like a ' , ravenous tiger tore out the living heart; which he laid on the plate, . . 3 What kind of culture could have nourished and celebrated such demonic' behaviour? Here, in Chichenltza, amid ruins dating back more than 1200 years, a hybrid society had formed out of inter mingled Maya and Toltec elements. This society was by no means exceptional in its addiction to cruel and barbaric ceremonies. On the contrary, all the great indigenous civilizations' known to have flourished in Mexico had indulged in the ritualized slaughter of human beings.SHAMANIC WISDOM IN THE PYRAMID TEXTS
THE MYSTICAL TRADITION OF ANCIENT EGYPT Jeremy Nadler 2005 Page 235/236 8 THE ANTECHAMBER TEXTS UTTERANCE 247 THE AWAKENING OF THE INITIATE KING O Unas, O Unas, SEE! O Unas, O Unas, LOOK ! O Unas, O Unas, HEAR! O Unas, O Unas, BE THERE! O Unas, O Unas , raise yourself on your side. Do as I command; You who hates sleep, but who were made limp, ARISE "It is important to understand that in becoming an "awakened Osiris," the king is at the same time becoming a "reborn Horus"; To awaken from the "sleep" of Osiris is to be reborn in a spiritual sense as a Horus-child. Hence the awakening of the initiate king is at the same time his rebirth. Page 320 "As Horus - the god who has been throught the Osirian death and dismemberment, flown up to the heavens, and experienced spiritual rebirth - the king unites in himself the Above and the Below, and brings into manifestation a new divine human axis, a channel for the energies of the spirit world to flow into the terrestrial world. He is "the one who went and came back," who makes the link between the worlds (utt. 260). And the consequences of his having made this link is that he becomes the mediator of the fertilizing powers that flow into the terrestrial sphere, into the land of Egypt, from the spirit world. He channels the vitalizing energies of the spirit world into the realm of the living. In so doing he establishes Maat, or cosmic harmony, on earth, one of the most important functions of kingship (utts. 317 and 319). The goal of the spiritual journey described in the Pyramid Texts is therefore not simply the king's enlightenment or absorption in the godhead: it is for him to seal the connection between worlds, to unite the realms of heaven and earth for the benefit of all Egypt and thereby to establish Maat - universl harmony and order - throughout the kingdom
HOLY BIBLE Scofield Reference THE REVELATION OF SAINT JOHN THE DIVINE C 13 V 18 The Beast out of the sea Page 1342 HERE IS WISDOM LET HIM THAT HATH UNDERSTANDING COUNT THE NUMBER OF THE BEAST FOR IT IS THE NUMBER OF A MAN AND HIS NUMBER IS SIX HUNDRED THREE SCORE AND SIX
In the Beginning Was The Word And The Word Was _________________
Thomas Wolfe 1900-1938
'Exoteric Of doctrines modes of speech, of disciples not admitted to esoteric teaching; commonplace, ordinary, popular;...'
The Making Of
Page711 "These were the moments when the "Seven Sleeper" not knowing what had happened was slowly stirring himself..." Page713 "And we are shrinking shadows by the way side shamed by the security of our shadowdom,"
THE SIRIUS MYSTERY Robert K.G.Temple 1976 Page 82 The Sacred Fifty " We must return to the treatise 'The Virgin of the World'. This treatise is quite explicit in saying that Isis and Osiris were sent to help the Earth by giving primitive mankind the arts of civilization: "Page 73 A Fairy Tale 'I INVOKE THEE, LADY ISIS, WITH WHOM THE GOOD DAIMON DOTH UNITE, HE WHO IS LORD IN THE PERFECT BLACK.'
The Astral Transition - 9:50am This is exactly what happened to Osiris, when his brother Set (plus 72 conspirators), tricked Osiris into getting into a coffin, then threw it into the Nile ... www.diagnosis2012.co.uk/ast.htm The Astral Transition - Clues From Egypt and Siberia Suggest a Shamanic Experience in 2012! Ecdysone and the non-molecular body Dr. Charles Muses, who died last year (2000), suggests in his 1985 book The Lion Path , 1 that the Egyptians had developed a technology in which tones, lights and an as-yet unidentified plant are used, to “open a rusty valve”, or trigger the production of hormones similar to the ecdysone (ecdydsterone), produced by larval forms of insects, which allows the adult form to emerge. In this way, they would allow the gestation of a non-molecular body that would allow the survival of consciousness beyond physical death. Just as every chrysalis has embossed wings on it, so too, does every mummy case have folded wings on it. The process was started well before death, and completed during the 70-day embalming period, that was connected to the 70-day disappearance of Sirius. Muses, a mathematician, philosopher & computer scientist, was convinced that the synchronous perihelion (closest point of planetary orbit to the sun), of Pluto, with the periastron (closest approach of 2 stars to eachother), of Sirius B and Sirius A, which both occurred in 1994, and only happen together every 90,000 years, allowed a flow of resonant energies, and the possibility of an evolutionary jump for those prepared to follow the clues left by the Egyptians. He produced a series of cassettes designed to be used at astrologically pre-determined times, while meditating, in order to produce “ the higher human analogue of the lepidopteran metamorphic hormone, ecdysterone”. This would then “activate certain genes whose functions would otherwise remain inaccessible”. The transformative energies would start slowing in January 1999, and stop by May 2000, and Muses says that those unable to complete their development before then, would have to “re-incarnate on the life-bearing planets of other solar systems that are on a later (and non-Plutonic), Meta-Cycle”. Shamanic Egyptians In Wm. R. Fix’s 1979 book Star Maps, 2 the author shows the correspondence between shamanic flight and the initiation rituals of Egypt. In the 4,300-year old Pyramid Texts, on the walls of the Pyramid of Unas, it is stated repeatedly that “He is not dead, this Unas is not dead”. In fact, Fix makes it plain that the reason why no bodies have ever been found in any pyramids – even those which were sealed – is because the pyramids were designed for initiation - to facilitate a OOBE or out-of-body-experience, in which the pharaoh would be gone for about 3 days, first orbiting the planet, and then going to the circumpolar stars, to become a purified spirit, (no wonder we call it astral projection!). Upon his return, Unas was told, “Put on thy body”. A Lapland shaman's drum shows the Axis Mundi uniting the 3 worlds. Another drum painting shows the axis pointing to the circumpolar stars. Shamans too, traditionally fly to the polar stars, and the Axis Mundi, or World Tree, which represents the earth axis, (and connects with the underworld below, and heaven above), is shown on some of their drums, as the route taken to the polar stars. Shamans usually employ drumming, fasting and power plants to access the other planes, and typically experience dis-memberment, where they are torn to pieces, then put back together again, as a kind of re-birth. This is exactly what happened to Osiris, when his brother Set (plus 72 conspirators), tricked Osiris into getting into a coffin, then threw it into the Nile. The coffin became embedded in a tamarisk tree, and was eventually used as a pillar in a palace. Isis found the coffin, and hid it, but Set discovered it, and cut Osiris into 14 pieces. With the help of Thoth, Isis found all the pieces except one – the phallus - and re-assembled Osiris. With Thoth’s magic, and a wooden phallus, Isis conceived Horus. Then Osiris ascended. Mystery religions These shamanic themes formed the Osiris cult, then found their way into other Mystery religions, such as the Greek Mysteries of Dionysus at Eleusis, Attis in Asia Minor, Bachus in Italy, and Mithras in Persia. They all involved a voluntary death, a flight from the body, a descent into the underworld, an ascent to heaven, then a resurrection. They also had a sacrament, which, in later versions was wine, but in the Mysteries of Mithras, “developed from older rites which used consecrated bread and water mixed with the intoxicating juice of a psychedelic plant called Haoma.” 3 The various cultures all adapted one of their gods to take on the role of the resurrecting god-man, but, when a Jewish sect wanted their own Mystery religion, it was a bit more difficult, since they only had one god, so they based the Mysteries around the figure of the Jewish Messiah. Freke and Gandy, in their book The Jesus Mysteries,4 have pointed out 30 correspondences between the Dionysus/Osiris Mysteries and Christianity. I have also found Mithraism/Christianity correspondences in Pears Cyclopedia: Dionysus/Osiris Mysteries Mithraism & Christianity (Jesus Mysteries by Freke & Gandy) (Pears Cyclopaedia) 1. Virgin birth 1.Miraculous birth 2. Born in cave on 25th December 2. 25th December birth of founder 3. Crucifixion (or stuck to/in a tree) 3. Death & glorious resurrection 4. Birth prophesied by star 4. Belief in Heaven & hell 5. 3 shepherds visited the birth 5. Immortality of the soul 6. Baptism 6. Last Judgement 7. Water into wine 7. Sunday as Holy day 8. Miracles 8. Celebration of Easter 9. Transfiguration 9. Use of bell, Holy Water & candle 10. 12 disciples 11. Eating of bread & wine (=flesh and blood) to commune with the god) 12. Death redeems sins of world 13. Descends into Hell & resurrects after 3 days 14. Ascends to Heaven to appear as judge at the end of time 15. 3 women followers visit empty tomb. Etc. etc. These were the outer mysteries; the Gnostics retained the inner mysteries. Precession encoded Santillana and von Dechend, in their 1969 book, Hamlet’s Mill,5 have shown that there has been a knowledge of the Precession of the Equinoxes, for millennia, and that it has been encoded into mythology all over the world. This concerns the slow movement of the Earth axis in a circle, which takes about 26,000 years to complete. Plato called this the Great Year, of 25,920 years. The vernal (spring) equinox slowly moves through all 12 Zodiac constellations over the 25,920 years, until it comes back to its starting point. Actually, it is the background stars that are moving – the equinox stays in the same place. Each constellation takes 2,160 years to cross the equinoctial point, and it takes 72 years for each of the 360 degrees of the sky to rotate. The constellations also oscillate up and down over the precession. Robert Bauval and his co-authors 6 have shown that the Egyptians were measuring this movement from the First Time of Osiris, (Zep Tepi), which they put at 10,500 BC, when Orion was at its lowest point, to the Last Time of Osiris, which is coming up soon, (half a precessional cycle later), when Orion reaches its highest position. These precessional numbers – 72, 360, 2,160, 4,320 (2x 2,160), and 25,920, have been found encoded into Egyptian myths, such as the one where Ra, upon discovering his wife’s infidelity, said she was not to bear children on any of the 360 days of the year. Thoth intervened and played a game of draughts with the Moon, and won 1/72nd part of the Moon’s light, creating the extra 5 epagomenal days, on which were born Isis, Osiris, Set, Nephthys, and Horus the elder. (360/72=5). Encoded here is 72 x 360 = 25,920. Remember also the 72 conspirators of Set, who caused Osiris to become part of the tree! Every year, the Egyptians held a festival for Raising the Djed. The Djed was a pillar with 4 rings on it, which represented the backbone of Osiris, the tree he was entombed in, and the axis of the Earth. Barbara Hand Clow has pointed out, in her new book Catastrophobia, 7 that the relief showing the Raising of the Djed in the Temple at Abydos, shows the Djed at an initial angle of “20 to 25 degrees off vertical” – the same as the angle of tilt on Earth’s axis. When measuring the image with a protractor, it is actually within a degree of the 23.5 degree tilt angle. Clow says that around 9,500 BC, at the end of the ice-age, the catastrophe pinpointed by Allan & Delair in When the Earth Nearly Died, 8 when supernova fragments passed close to Earth, caused the start of the precession cycle, by knocking the axis away from vertical. Djed = Axis Mundi = Tree of Life = Tree of Knowledge Raising the djed, and Osiris as the djed - surmounted by feathers in both cases. Mayan polar axis (also surmounted by feathers -7 Macaw) with snake around it The Mystic Cross of The Great Hierophant; Arcanum 5 of the Tarot. "The perpendicular stem of the Cross means the channel through which flows the current, passing through the three lower worlds, symbolized by the horizontal arms of the Cross." See how this relates to the 3 worlds of the Shamans (see drum above), and the Kabbalistic Tree of Life *, though the Kabbalists had 4 worlds. The central column, or Middle Pillar also represented the human spine, with its kundalini serpent, just as the djed represented the spine of Osiris. Some Egyptian papyri show the world tree administering spiritual nourishment, thereby combining the concepts of the World Tree, Tree of Life, and Tree of Knowledge. This connection is also emphasised on Stela 25 from Izapa, Mexico, which shows “Hunahpu with Seven Macaw in his polar perch”. The polar axis is shown looking very similar to a Djed pillar, with Seven Macaw representing the Big Dipper (Plough/Great Bear) constellation. John Major Jenkins has shown in his book Maya Cosmogenesis 2012, 9 that the Maya were tracking precession, and that this is what is behind the Long Count calendar. The Crocodile Tree on the stela represents the Milky Way, and Hunahpu is shaking Seven Macaw off his perch, representing the precessional movement of the Big Dipper away from the celestial pole (and also signifying the change in preferred shamanic destination to Galactic Centre, via the Crocodile/Caiman Tree). Notice that there is a snake wrapped around the two trees! Tree of Knowlege is Amanita Muscaria - a 13th Century fresco in Plaincourault in France In Plaincourault, France, there is a mural showing the Tree of Knowledge , with the snake wrapped around it, and Eve talking to the snake. The Tree is a Fly Agaric mushroom! The Fly Agaric is, of course, a hallucinogenic mushroom, and John Allegro, who translated the Dead Sea Scrolls, went as far as to suggest that the early Christians used it as a sacrament. Bishop Jim Pike, (a friend of sci-fi author Philip k. Dick), found the argument so convincing, that he went to the desert near Qumran on the Dead Sea, in search of Fly Agarics – but unfortunately, he died of dehydration while in the desert. Gordon Wasson wrote a book called Soma, Divine Mushroom of Immortality, identifying the Fly Agaric with Soma, the sacrament of the Hindus, meaning “body”, (which gives us the word somatic). Andrija Puharich also wrote a book about Fly Agaric, called the Sacred Mushroom – Key to the Door of Eternity. A summary of all this can be found in James Arthur’s book, Mushrooms and Mankind. Taking the pee? Every year at Christmas, we re-enact our own Mystery play, which has somehow survived to remind us of all this. December 25th used to be Winter solstice. It is the birthday of the god-man Osiris/Dionysus/Mithras/Jesus, who, as Osiris, represents the polar axis, (Djed) and its 72 x 360-year precession cycle. We pretend that a wise old elf called Santa Claus flies through the sky, pulled by reindeer, (having frozen time, so he can visit everyone), and enters via the chimney. He leaves traditionally wrapped red and white gifts under a pine tree that we have brought indoors, and in socks hanging over the fireplace. Then he flies off to the North Pole! In Siberia, since time immemorial, around Winter Solstice shamans have gathered the red and white Fly Agaric mushrooms from under the very same pine trees we put in our living rooms, and distributed them from a sack. In Siberia, the entrances to homes are in the roof, and double as a smoke outlet, so they really are entering via the chimney! The mushrooms are left to dry out by hanging them over the hearth. The mushrooms have to be gathered quickly, because the reindeer love them. However, it is a fact that the psychoactive ingredient can be recycled several times, and unpleasant side effects such as vomiting, are thus avoided. It is also a fact that the reindeer love eating yellow snow! If a reindeer herder wants to gather his herd, he only has to urinate, and they all come running. That is why the reindeer all fly along in frozen time. Even the reindeer names reinforce the encoding (– see Solstice Studios for more info). The tree also represents the Axis Mundi, with the candles or lights and baubles representing stars, and the star on the top representing the Pole Star. It is usually a 5-pointed star, and therefore encodes 72, since a pentacle is formed by 5 x 72-degree angles. Santa lives at the North Pole, which encodes the OOBE destination, and Santa’s helpers, the elves, are either the fourth dimensional astral beings encountered, or even our higher dimensional selves - also represented by the angel/fairy on the tree. What crazy kind of world is this? Is Jack’s trip up the beanstalk to get the golden eggs another version? Is Humpty Dumpty an exploded planet? What does it all mean? As I said just now, Jenkins has shown that the Maya were tracking precession with the Long Count calendar, but rather than the Vernal Equinox, they were tracking the movement of stars (the Milky Way) against the Winter Solstice. He also showed that the Mayan 13-baktun cycle (5,125 years), ends on Winter Solstice 2012. What is more, the Maya used to take hallucinogens, including toad venom, and psilocybin mushrooms. Jenkins has also found some evidence they may have taken Amanita Muscaria (Fly Agaric),10 but they mainly used the psilocybin mushroom. This is the same mushroom that Terence & Dennis McKenna took, when they were “informed by an elf-troupe that the laws of physics would change in 2012”, and conceived the Timewave Zero concept – a hierarchy of waves governing all change in the universe, and terminating in 2012, encoded in the Chinese I Ching oracle. The psilocybin mushrooms contain DMT, which is also produced in the pineal gland, or third eye, and which is shaped LIKE A PINE-CONE. Some have suggested that the Egyptians too, took psilocybin mushrooms. They did take the blue water lily, which Paul Devereux says in The Long Trip – A Prehistory of Psychedelia,11 “was the form in which Isis restored the murdered Osiris, and was thus a symbol for him”. The lily has hypnotic effects. Devereux says the Egyptians also had access to opium (which gave Errol Flynn an out-of-body experience), and khat, which produces a dream-like state. Also, in the Americas, a different species of tobacco was taken, and in huge doses. A near-lethal dose can give an OOBE. We have heard recently of the “cocaine mummies” found in Egypt – well, they also contained large amounts of nicotine – another plant that should not have been in Egypt – very upsetting for Egyptologists! Devereux has shown that most of these power plants can cause OOBEs when taken in large enough doses, or in combination, (though very dangerous or unpleasant in some cases), and that they have been used for just such purposes for thousands of years. In another book – Shamanism and the Mystery Lines,12 Devereux makes a very strong case that these magical shamanic flights were associated with the alignments we know as Ley Lines, where ancient barrows, standing stones, stone circles, and even pre-reformation churches (built on sacred sites), are aligned in straight lines. Will the “Galactic Winter Solstice” in 2012 allow a mass out-of-body experience? Will celestial and terrestrial grids align? Will a passing celestial body re-align the Axis Mundi to its pre-fall state? Or maybe the falling geomagnetic field will lead to a magnetic reversal, and switch our polarity ( OOBE researcher Robert Monroe found that the body’s polarity reverses while out of body). Maybe the Sun’s sunspot mega-cycle will trigger it (largest EVER solar flare in April 2001- fortunately pointing away from Earth – plus 11-year sunspot cycle just shunted forward almost a year, shifting the next solar Max. to 2012). Or it may be triggered by magnetised bands of plasma which the solar system is passing through. Better get practising those OOBEs!: Click here for safe, non-toxic OOBE resources, and here for a new astral projection site with free online courses. More info at www.egodeath.com/amanita.htm *NB reversed positions of Star & Emperor UPDATE: This crop formation appeared on 15th July at east field, Alton Barnes, Wiltshire, UK. It connects many of the themes of this essay: It points directly to a Long Barrow called Adam's Grave, thus being identified as the apple tree of the Tree of Knowledge in the Garden of Eden, and showing a mushroom with gills in its reflection, thus suggesting that the tree of Knowledge could be a fly-agaric or other psychoactive mushroom, by which shamans "climbed" the tree. It also shows a heaven/overworld and an underworld, suggesting the Norse Yggdrasil, on which Odin hung himself for 3 days to attain knowledge. See http://www.cropcircleconnector.com/2002/eastfield2/eastfield2002b.html East Field, Wilts., UK 15/7/02 C. Photo: Steve Alexander Yggdrasil Notes 1. The Lion Path: You Can Take It With You by Muasios (Charles Muses) House of Horus 1985-90; 45911 Silver Avenue, Sardis, BC, V2R 1Y8, Canada. 2. Star Maps by Wm. R. Fix, Octopus Books, 1979; 59, Grosvenor St,., London W1 3. The Jesus Mysteries, by Timothy Freke & Peter Gandy, Thorsons, London, 1999; p. 61 4. Ibid. 5. Hamlet's Mill - An Essay Investigating the Origins of Human Knowledge and its Transmission Thrtough Myth, by Giorgio De Santillana and Hertha Von Dechend, David R. Godine, Publisher, Inc., Boston, Massachusetts, USA; 1977-92 6. The Orion Mystery by Robert Bauval & Adrian Gilbert, Mandarin Paperbacks, London, 1995; Keepers of Genesis, by Robert Bauval & Graham Hancock, Heinemann, London, 1996. 7. Catastrophobia, by Barbara Hand Clow, Bear & Co., Rochester, Vermont, USA; 2001 8. When The Earth Nearly Died - Compelling Evidence of a Catastrophic World Change 9,500 BC, by DS Allan & JB Delair; Gateway Books, Bath, UK, 1995 9. Maya Cosmogenesis 2012, by John Major Jenkins, Bear & Co, 1998 10. Ibid., p.193 11. The Long Trip - A Prehistory of Psychedelia, by Paul Devereux, Arkana (Penguin) 1997; p.88 12. Shamanism and the Mystery Lines, Llewellyn publications, 1999
AN ANGEL WITHOUT AN ANGLE
MIZRAIM 8 MIZRAIM
Mizraim - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mizraim Mizraim (Hebrew: מִצְרַיִם / מִצְרָיִם, Modern Mitzráyim Tiberian Miṣrāyim / Miṣráyim ; cf. Arabic مصر, Miṣr) is the Hebrew name for the land of Egypt, with the ... Mizraim From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search Mizraim (Hebrew: מִצְרַיִם / מִצְרָיִם, Modern Mitzráyim Tiberian Miṣrāyim / Miṣráyim ; cf. Arabic مصر, Miṣr) is the Hebrew name for the land of Egypt, with the dual suffix -āyim, perhaps referring to the "two Egypts": Upper Egypt and Lower Egypt.
Search ResultsPhilippe Petit - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Early life - World Trade Center walk - Later life - Major high-wire performances►Images for philippe petit - Report imagesThank you for the feedback. Report another imagePlease report the offensive image. CancelDone Philippe Petit www.youtube.com/watch?v=6ddpV1GvF7E www.colbertnation.com/the-colbert-report-videos/...27.../philippe-petit
Search ResultsPhilippe Petit - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Philippe Petit (French pronunciation: [filip pəti]; born 13 August 1949) is a French high-wire artist who gained fame for his high-wire walk between the twin towers of the World Trade Center in New York City, New York, on 7 August 1974.[1] For his feat (that he referred to as "le coup"[2]), he used a 450-pound (200-kilogram) cable and a custom-made 26-foot (8-metre) long, 55-pound (25-kilogram) balancing pole. Contents [hide] [edit] Early lifePetit was born in Nemours, Seine-et-Marne, France; his father, Edmond Petit, was an author and a former Army pilot. At an early age he discovered magic and juggling. At 16, he took his first steps on the wire. Petit learned everything by himself as he was being expelled from five different schools. "Within one year," he told a reporter, "I taught myself to do all the things you could do on a wire. I learned the backward somersault, the front somersault, the unicycle, the bicycle, the chair on the wire, jumping through hoops. But I thought, 'What is the big deal here? It looks almost ugly.' So I started to discard those tricks and to reinvent my art."[3] He also became adept at equestrianism, fencing, carpentry, rock-climbing and the art of bullfighting. Spurning circuses and their formulaic performances, on the sidewalks of Paris he created his street persona. In the early 1970s, he frequently juggled and worked on a slack rope in New York City's Washington Square Park. Beginning in the 1970s, Petit began eyeing world-famous structures as stages for high-wire walks, which he executed as a combination of circus act and public performance. He performed his first such walk between the towers of the Notre Dame de Paris. In 1973, he walked a wire rigged between the two north pylons of the Sydney Harbour Bridge, in Sydney, Australia.[4] [edit] World Trade Center walkPetit's most famous work was his performance which he executed at the World Trade Center (Twin Towers) in Manhattan. [edit] PlanningHe was first inspired to attempt what he called his "coup" on the Twin Towers while he sat in his dentist's office in Paris in 1968. In a magazine, he came upon an article about the yet-to-be constructed buildings, along with an illustration of the model. He became obsessed with the towers, collecting articles on them whenever possible. The "artistic crime of the century" took six years of planning, during which Petit learned everything he could about the buildings, taking into account such problems as the swaying of the towers because of wind, and how to rig the steel cable across the 200 ft (61 m) gap between the towers (at a height of 1,368 ft (417 m)). He traveled to New York on several occasions to make first-hand observations. Since the towers were still under construction, Petit and New York-based photographer Jim Moore went up in a helicopter to make aerial photographs of the trade center.[2] His friend Francis Brunn, the German Juggler, provided financial support for the attempt and its planning.[5] Petit sneaked into the towers several times, hiding on the roof and other areas in the unfinished towers, in order to get a sense of what type of security measures were in place. Using his own observations and Moore's photographs, Petit was able to make a scale model of the towers to help him design the rigging he needed to prepare for the wirewalk. He made fake identification cards for himself and his collaborators (claiming that they were contractors who were installing an electrified fence on the roof) to gain access to the towers. Prior to this, to make it easier to get into the buildings, Petit carefully observed the clothes worn by construction workers and the kinds of tools they carried. He also took note of the clothing of office workers so that he could blend in with them when he tried to enter the buildings. He observed what time the workers arrived and left, so he could determine when he would have roof access. As the target date of his "coup" approached, he claimed to be a journalist with a French architecture magazine so that he could gain permission to interview the workers on the roof. The Port Authority allowed Petit to conduct the interviews, which he used as a pretext to make more observations. He was once caught by a police officer on the roof, and his hopes to do the high-wire walk were dampened, but he eventually regained the confidence to proceed. On the night of Tuesday, 6 August 1974, Petit and his crew were able to ride in a freight elevator to the 104th floor with their equipment, and to store this equipment just nineteen steps from the roof. In order to pass the cable across the void, Petit and his crew had settled on using a bow and arrow. They first shot across a fishing line, and then passed larger and larger ropes across the space between the towers until they were able to pass the 450-pound steel cable across. Two cavalettis (guy lines) anchored to other points on the roof were used to stabilize the cable and keep the swaying of the wire to a minimum.[2] [edit] WalkingOn Wednesday, 7 August 1974, shortly after 7:15 a.m., Petit stepped off the South Tower and onto his 3/4" 6×19 IWRC (independent wire rope core[6]) steel cable. He walked the wire for 45 minutes, making eight crossings between the towers, a quarter mile above the sidewalks of Manhattan. In addition to walking, he sat on the wire, gave knee salutes and, while lying on the wire, spoke with a gull circling above his head. As soon as Petit was observed by witnesses on the ground, the Port Authority Police Department dispatched officers to the roof to take him into custody. One of the officers, Sgt. Charles Daniels, later reported his experience: I observed the tightrope 'dancer'—because you couldn't call him a 'walker'—approximately halfway between the two towers. And upon seeing us he started to smile and laugh and he started going into a dancing routine on the high wire....And when he got to the building we asked him to get off the high wire but instead he turned around and ran back out into the middle....He was bouncing up and down. His feet were actually leaving the wire and then he would resettle back on the wire again....Unbelievable really....Everybody was spellbound in the watching of it.[7] Petit was warned by his friend on the South Tower that a police helicopter would come to pick him off the wire unless he got off. Rain had begun to fall, and Petit decided he had taken enough risks, so he decided to give himself up to the police waiting for him on the South Tower. He was arrested once he stepped off the wire. Provoked by his taunting behaviour while on the wire, police handcuffed him behind his back and roughly pushed him down a flight of stairs. This he later described as the most dangerous part of the stunt.[8] His audacious high-wire performance made headlines around the world. When asked why he did the stunt, Petit would say, "When I see three oranges, I juggle; when I see two towers, I walk." Although movie cameras were on the roof during the walk, the person who was supposed to film the walk did not do so, apparently due to exhaustion.[9] [edit] AftermathThe extensive news coverage and public appreciation of Petit's high-wire walk resulted in all formal charges relating to his walk being dropped[10] in exchange for what was supposed to be a free show of juggling for a few children in Central Park. Instead, he transformed it into another high-wire walk, in the Park above Belvedere Lake (which has now become Turtle Pond). Petit was also presented with a lifetime pass to the Twin Towers' Observation Deck by the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey. He autographed a steel beam close to the point where he began his walk. Petit's high-wire walk is credited with bringing the then rather unpopular Twin Towers much needed attention and even affection.[11] Up to that point, critics such as historian Lewis Mumford had regarded them as ugly and utilitarian. The landlords were having trouble renting out all of their office space.[11] Sandi Sissel filmed the original act and released it as the cinema verité documentary, High Wire (1984), with music derived from Philip Glass's Glassworks. The documentary film Man on Wire by UK director James Marsh, about Petit's 1974 WTC performance, won both the World Cinema Jury and Audience awards at the Sundance Film Festival 2008. The film also won awards at the 2008 Full Frame Documentary Film Festival in Durham, North Carolina, and won the Academy Award for Best Documentary. Petit was on stage to help accept the award, making a coin vanish in his hands while thanking the Academy "for believing in magic" and then balanced the Oscar by its head on his chin to cheers from the audience.[12] [edit] Later lifePetit has made dozens of public high-wire performances in his career; in 1986 he re-enacted the crossing of the Niagara River by Blondin for an Imax film. In 1989, to celebrate the 200th anniversary of the French Revolution, mayor Jacques Chirac welcomed him to walk a wire strung from the ground, at the Place du Trocadéro, to the second level of the Eiffel Tower. Petit briefly headlined with the Ringling Brothers' Circus, but circus life did not agree with him. It was during his stint with the circus that he suffered his only fall, from 45 feet (≈ 14 meters) during a practice walk, breaking several ribs. He says he has never fallen during a performance. "If I had, I wouldn't be here."[13] Petit regularly gives lectures and workshops internationally on a variety of topics and subjects. He single-handedly built a barn in the Catskill Mountains using the methods and tools of the 18th-century timber framers;[citation needed] and currently,[when?] he is working on his eighth book, A Square Peg. Among his friends who have associated themselves with some of his projects are such diverse artists as: Mikhail Baryshnikov, Werner Herzog, Annie Liebovitz, Milos Forman, Volker Schlöndorff, Twyla Tharp, Peter Beard, Marcel Marceau, Paul Auster, Paul Winter, Debra Winger, Robin Williams and Sting.[citation needed] Petit has been presented with the James Park Morton Interfaith Award, the Streb Action Maverick Award, The Byrdcliff Award, is the recipient of the New York Historical Society Award and was made Chevalier des Arts et des Lettres by the French Ministry of Culture. Petit shares his time between New York City where he is an artist in residence at the Cathedral of Saint John the Divine and a hideaway in the Catskills. [edit] Major high-wire performancesYear Walk[clarification needed] Location Notes [edit] BibliographyPhilippe Petit, Trois Coups, (Paris: Herscher, 1983). ISBN 2-7335-0062-7 [edit] TributeThe song "Sleepwalking" by Danish composer Ste van Holm is a tribute to the World Trade Center walk.[citation needed] 1.^ Lichtenstein, Grace (8 August 1974). "Stuntman, Eluding Guards, Walks a Tightrope Between Trade Center Towers; Free Performance Due 200 Planning Trips.". The New York Times. http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F50B12FA35581A7493CAA91783D85F408785F9&scp=7&sq=%22Philippe+Petit%22&st=p. Retrieved 18 April 2008. "Combining the cunning of a second-story man with the nerve of an Evel Knievel, a French high-wire artist sneaked past guards at the World Trade center, ran a cable between the tops of its twin towers and tightrope-walked across it yesterday morning."
Walking On Wednesday, 7 August 1974, shortly after 7:15 a.m., Petit stepped off the South Tower and onto his 3/4" 6×19 IWRC (independent wire rope core[6]) steel cable. He walked the wire for 45 minutes, making eight crossings between the towers, a quarter mile above the sidewalks of Manhattan. In addition to walking, he sat on the wire, gave knee salutes and, while lying on the wire, spoke with a gull circling above his head. Wednesday, 7 August 1974, 2001 MINUS 1974 IS 27 2+7 IS 9 Tuesday, September 11, 2001 Search ResultsSeptember 11 attacks - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
September 11 attacksFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaJump to: navigation, search From top to bottom: the World Trade Center burning; the Pentagon collapses; Flight 175 crashes into WTC 2; a fireman requests help at Ground Zero; an engine from Flight 93 is recovered; Flight 77 crashes into the Pentagon. The September 11 attacks (often referred to, in combination with the attacks' side effects on that day, as September 11, September 11th or 9/11[nb 1]) were a series of four coordinated suicide attacks by al-Qaeda upon the United States on Tuesday, September 11, 2001. On that morning, 19 al-Qaeda terrorists hijacked four commercial passenger jet airliners.[2][3] The hijackers intentionally crashed two of the airliners into the Twin Towers of the World Trade Center in New York City, killing everyone on board and thousands of those working in the buildings. Both towers collapsed within two hours, destroying nearby buildings and damaging others. A third airliner was crashed into the Pentagon. Hijackers had redirected the fourth plane toward Washington, D.C., targeting either the Capitol Building or the White House, but crashed it in a field near Shanksville in rural Pennsylvania after passengers attempted to retake control of the airliner. There were no survivors from any of the flights. Nearly 3,000 victims and the 19 hijackers died in the attacks.[4] Among the 2,753 victims who died in the attacks on the World Trade Center were 343 firefighters and 60 police officers from New York City and the Port Authority, and 8 private emergency medical technicians and paramedics.[5] Another 184 people were killed in the attack on the Pentagon.[6] The overwhelming majority of casualties were civilians, including nationals of over 70 countries.[7] Suspicion quickly fell on al-Qaeda. Its leader Osama bin Laden initially denied involvement, but in 2004 he finally claimed responsibility for the attacks.[1] Al-Qaeda and bin Laden cited U.S. support of Israel, the presence of US troops in Saudi Arabia, and sanctions against Iraq as motives for the attacks. The United States responded to the attacks by launching the War on Terror, invading Afghanistan to depose the Taliban, who had harbored al-Qaeda members, and by enacting the USA PATRIOT Act. It was not until May 2011 that bin Laden was found and killed. Many other countries also strengthened their anti-terrorism legislation and expanded law enforcement powers. Some American stock exchanges stayed closed for the rest of the week following the attack and posted enormous losses on reopening, especially in the airline and insurance industries. The destruction of billions of dollars' worth of office space caused serious damage to the economy of Lower Manhattan. The damage to the Pentagon was cleared and repaired within a year, and the Pentagon Memorial was built adjacent to the building. The rebuilding of the World Trade Center site began in 2002 and remains ongoing. Ground was broken for the Flight 93 National Memorial on November 8, 2009, and the first phase of construction is expected to be ready for the 10th anniversary of the attacks on September 11, 2011.[8] Contents [hide] AttacksMain article: Timeline for the day of the September 11 attacks Security camera footage of Flight 77 hitting the Pentagon.[9] The plane hits the Pentagon at approximately 86 seconds after the beginning of this recording.Early on the morning of September 11, 2001, nineteen hijackers took control of four commercial airliners en route to San Francisco and Los Angeles from Boston, Newark, and Washington, D.C.[10] Planes with long flights were intentionally selected for hijacking because they would be heavily fueled.[11] At 8:46 a.m., American Airlines Flight 11 crashed into the World Trade Center's North Tower, followed by United Airlines Flight 175, which hit the South Tower at 9:03 a.m.[12][13] Another group of hijackers flew American Airlines Flight 77 into the Pentagon at 9:37 a.m.[14] A fourth flight, United Airlines Flight 93, crashed near Shanksville, Pennsylvania at 10:03 a.m. local time after the passengers on board engaged in a fight with the hijackers. Its ultimate target is believed to have been either the Capitol or the White House.[11] Flight 93's cockpit voice recorder revealed that crew and passengers attempted to seize control of the plane from the hijackers after learning through phone calls that similarly hijacked planes had been crashed into buildings that morning.[15] One of the hijackers gave the order to roll the plane once it became evident that they would lose control of the plane to the passengers.[16] Soon afterward, the aircraft crashed into a field near Shanksville. Three buildings in the World Trade Center Complex collapsed due to structural failure.[26] The south tower (2 WTC) fell at approximately 9:59 a.m., after burning for 56 minutes in a fire caused by the impact of United Airlines Flight 175.[26] The north tower (1 WTC) collapsed at 10:28 a.m., after burning for approximately 102 minutes.[26] When the north tower collapsed, debris fell on the nearby 7 World Trade Center building (7 WTC) damaging it and starting fires. These fires burned for hours and compromised the building's structural integrity, which led to the crumbling of the east penthouse at 5:20 p.m. and complete collapse at 5:21 p.m.[27][28] All aircraft within the continental U.S. were grounded, and aircraft already in flight were told to land immediately. All international civilian aircraft were either turned back or redirected to airports in Canada or Mexico, and all international flights were banned from landing on U.S. soil for three days.[29] The attacks created widespread confusion among news organizations and air traffic controllers across the United States. Among the unconfirmed and often contradictory reports aired throughout the day by news sources, one of the most prevalent was the report that a car bomb had been detonated at the U.S. State Department's headquarters in Washington, D.C.[30] Another jet—Flight 1989—was suspected of having been hijacked, but this too turned out to be false after it responded to controllers and landed safely in Cleveland, Ohio.[31] In a September 2002 interview, Khalid Sheikh Mohammed and Ramzi bin al-Shibh, who are believed to have organized the attacks, said the fourth hijacked plane was heading for the United States Capitol,[32] not for the White House. They also said al-Qaeda initially planned to target nuclear installations rather than the World Trade Center and the Pentagon, but decided against it, fearing it could "get out of control".[33] Casualties Deaths (excluding hijackers) According to the 9/11 Commission, hundreds were killed instantly by the impacts, while the rest were trapped and died when the towers collapsed.[44] Of the people who were at or above the floors of impact in the North and South Towers, at least 1,366 of those died in the North Tower, and at least 618 died in the South Tower in which evacuation had begun before the second impact.[45] Thus over 90% of the workers and visitors who died in the towers had been at or above the points of impact. At least 200 people jumped to their deaths from the burning towers (as depicted in the photograph "The Falling Man"), landing on the streets and rooftops of adjacent buildings hundreds of feet below.[51] Some of the occupants of each tower above its point of impact made their way upward toward the roof in hope of helicopter rescue, but the roof access doors were locked. No plan existed for helicopter rescues, and the thick smoke and intense heat would have prevented helicopters from conducting such rescues.[52] Cantor Fitzgerald L.P., an investment bank on the 101st–105th floors of One World Trade Center, lost 658 employees, considerably more than any other employer.[53] Marsh Inc., located immediately below Cantor Fitzgerald on floors 93–101, lost 355 employees, and 175 employees of Aon Corporation were killed.[54] NIST estimated that about 17,400 civilians were in the World Trade Center complex at the time of the attacks, while turnstile counts from the Port Authority suggest that 14,154 people were typically in the Twin Towers by 8:45 a.m.[55][56] The vast majority of people below the impact zone safely evacuated the buildings, along with 18 people who were in the impact zone in the south tower and a number above the impact zone who used the one intact stairwell in the south tower.[57] After New York, New Jersey was the hardest hit state, with the city of Hoboken sustaining the most deaths.[58] More than 70 countries lost citizens in the attacks on the World Trade Center.[7] Two people were later added to the official death toll after dying from health conditions linked to exposure to dust from the collapse of the World Trade Center.[59][60] Weeks after the attack, the death toll was estimated to be over 6,000,[61] more than twice the number of deaths that was confirmed later. The city was only able to identify remains for about 1,600 of the World Trade Center victims. The medical examiner's office also collected "about 10,000 unidentified bone and tissue fragments that cannot be matched to the list of the dead".[62] Bone fragments were still being found in 2006 as workers were preparing to demolish the damaged Deutsche Bank Building. In 2010, a team of anthropologists and archaeologists searched for human remains and personal items at the Fresh Kills Landfill, where seventy-two more human remains were recovered, bringing the total found to 1,845. DNA profiling continues in an attempt to identify additional victims.[63] As of May 2011, 1,630 victims have been identified, while 1,123 (41%) of the victims remained unidentified.[64] The remains are being held in storage in Memorial Park, outside the New York City Medical Examiner’s facilities. It is expected that the remains will be moved in 2013 to a repository located behind a wall at the 9/11 museum. A medical examiner, who will have a workspace at the site, will continue to try to identify remains, based on the theory that improved technology will allow them to identify other victims.[64] Damage The Deutsche Bank Building across Liberty Street from the World Trade Center complex was later condemned due to the uninhabitable, toxic conditions inside the office tower, and was deconstructed.[67][68] The Borough of Manhattan Community College's Fiterman Hall at 30 West Broadway was also condemned due to extensive damage in the attacks, and is being rebuilt.[69] Other neighboring buildings including 90 West Street and the Verizon Building suffered major damage, but have since been restored.[70] World Financial Center buildings, One Liberty Plaza, the Millenium Hilton, and 90 Church Street had moderate damage[71] and have since been restored. Communications equipment on top of the North Tower, including broadcast radio, television and two-way radio antenna towers, was also destroyed, but media stations were quickly able to reroute signals and resume broadcasts.[65][72] The Pentagon, in Arlington County, Virginia, was severely damaged by the impact of American Airlines Flight 77 and ensuing fires, causing one section of the building to collapse.[73] As it approached the Pentagon, the airplane's wings knocked over light poles and its right engine smashed into a power generator,[74] before crashing into the western side of the Pentagon, killing all 53 passengers, 5 hijackers, and 6 crew.[75] The plane hit the Pentagon at the first-floor level,[76] the front part of the fuselage disintegrating on impact, the mid and tail sections moving for another fraction of a second, with tail section debris ending furthest into the building and penetrating 310 feet (94 m) into the three outermost rings.[76][77] Rescue and recoveryMain article: Rescue and recovery effort after the September 11 attacks As conditions deteriorated, the NYPD aviation unit relayed information to police commanders, who issued orders for its personnel to evacuate the towers; most NYPD officers were able to safely evacuate before the buildings collapsed.[81][82] With separate command posts set up and incompatible radio communications between the agencies, warnings were not passed along to FDNY commanders. After the first tower collapsed, FDNY commanders issued evacuation warnings; however, due to technical difficulties with malfunctioning radio repeater systems, many firefighters never heard the evacuation orders. 9-1-1 dispatchers also received information from callers that was not passed along to commanders on the scene.[79] Within hours of the attack, a substantial search and rescue operation was launched. After months of around-the-clock operations the World Trade Center site was cleared by the end of May 2002.[83] Attackers and their background On September 27, 2001, the FBI released photos of the 19 hijackers, along with information about possible nationalities and aliases.[90] Fifteen of the men were from Saudi Arabia, two from the United Arab Emirates, one from Egypt (Atta), and one from Lebanon.[91] The FBI investigation into the attacks, code named operation PENTTBOM, was the largest and most complex investigation in the history of the FBI, involving over 7,000 special agents.[92] The United States government determined al-Qaeda, headed by bin Laden, was responsible for the attacks, with the FBI stating "evidence linking al-Qaeda and bin Laden to the attacks of September 11 is clear and irrefutable".[93] The Government of the United Kingdom reached the same conclusion regarding al-Qaeda and bin Laden's culpability.[94] Al-QaedaMain article: Al-Qaeda In a second fatwā in 1998, bin Laden outlined his objections to American foreign policy towards Israel, as well as the continued presence of American troops in Saudi Arabia after the Gulf War.[98] Bin Laden used Islamic texts to exhort Muslims to violent action against American military and citizenry until the stated grievances are reversed, noting "ulema have throughout Islamic history unanimously agreed that the jihad is an individual duty if the enemy destroys the Muslim countries."[98] Planning of the attacksMain article: Planning of the September 11 attacks In late 1998 or early 1999, bin Laden gave approval for Mohammed to go forward with organizing the plot. A series of meetings occurred in early 1999, involving Mohammed, bin Laden, and his deputy Mohammed Atef.[100] Atef provided operational support for the plot, including target selections and helping arrange travel for the hijackers.[100] Bin Laden overruled Mohammed, rejecting some potential targets such as the U.S. Bank Tower in Los Angeles[102] because "there was not enough time to prepare for such an operation".[103] Bin Laden provided leadership for the plot, along with financial support, and was involved in selecting participants for the plot.[104] Bin Laden initially selected Nawaf al-Hazmi and Khalid al-Mihdhar, both experienced jihadists who fought in Bosnia. Hazmi and Mihdhar arrived in the United States in mid-January 2000. In spring 2000, Hazmi and Mihdhar took flying lessons in San Diego, California, but both spoke little English, did not do well with flying lessons, and eventually served as secondary - or "muscle" - hijackers.[105][106] In late 1999, a group of men from Hamburg, Germany arrived in Afghanistan, including Mohamed Atta, Marwan al-Shehhi, Ziad Jarrah, and Ramzi bin al-Shibh.[107] Bin Laden selected these men, as they were educated, could speak English, and had experience living in the west.[108] New recruits were routinely screened for special skills, which allowed al-Qaeda leaders to also identify Hani Hanjour, who already had a commercial pilot's license.[109] Hanjour arrived in San Diego on December 8, 2000, joining Hazmi.[110] They soon left for Arizona, where Hanjour took refresher training. Marwan al-Shehhi arrived at the end of May 2000, while Atta arrived on June 3, 2000, and Jarrah arrived on June 27, 2000. Bin al-Shibh applied several times for a visa to the United States, but as a Yemeni, he was rejected out of concerns he would overstay his visa and remain as an illegal immigrant. Bin al-Shibh stayed in Hamburg, providing coordination between Atta and Mohammed. The three Hamburg cell members all took pilot training in south Florida. In spring 2001, the secondary hijackers began arriving in the United States.[111] In July 2001, Atta met with bin al-Shibh in Spain, where they coordinated details of the plot, including final target selection. Bin al-Shibh also passed along bin Laden's wish for the attacks to be carried out as soon as possible.[112] Osama bin LadenMain articles: Osama bin Laden, Death of Osama bin Laden, and Videos of Osama bin Laden Bin Laden initially denied, but later admitted, involvement in the incidents.[1][113] Al Jazeera broadcast a statement by bin Laden on September 16, 2001, stating "I stress that I have not carried out this act, which appears to have been carried out by individuals with their own motivation."[114] In November 2001, U.S. forces recovered a videotape from a destroyed house in Jalalabad, Afghanistan, in which bin Laden is seen talking to Khaled al-Harbi and admits foreknowledge of the attacks.[115] On December 27, 2001, a second bin Laden video was released. In the video, he states, "Terrorism against America deserves to be praised because it was a response to injustice, aimed at forcing America to stop its support for Israel, which kills our people", but he stopped short of admitting responsibility for the attacks.[116] Shortly before the U.S. presidential election in 2004, in a taped statement, bin Laden publicly acknowledged al-Qaeda's involvement in the attacks on the U.S. and admitted his direct link to the attacks. He said that the attacks were carried out because "we are free... and want to regain freedom for our nation. As you undermine our security we undermine yours."[117] Bin Laden said he had personally directed his followers to attack the World Trade Center.[113][118] Another video obtained by Al Jazeera in September 2006 shows bin Laden with Ramzi bin al-Shibh, as well as two hijackers, Hamza al-Ghamdi and Wail al-Shehri, as they make preparations for the attacks.[119] The detailed timeline of bin Laden's having prior knowledge were revealed in a September 2002 interview documentary-maker Yosri Fouda conducted with Khalid Sheikh Mohammed and bin al-Shibh: the decision to launch a "martyrdom operation inside America" was made by al-Qaeda's military committee in early 1999. Bin Laden was informed of the selected date for the attacks on September 6, 2001.[33] Osama bin Laden was never formally indicted for the attacks,[120] and on May 1, 2011, he was killed by American forces in Abbottabad, Pakistan.[121][122] Khalid Sheikh MohammedMain article: Khalid Sheikh Mohammed Mohammed was also an adviser and financier of the 1993 World Trade Center bombing, and is the uncle of Ramzi Yousef, the lead bomber in that attack. Mohammed was arrested on March 1, 2003 in Rawalpindi, Pakistan by Pakistani security officials working with the CIA, and is currently being held at Guantanamo Bay.[127] During U.S. hearings in March 2007 Mohammed again confessed his responsibility for the attacks, saying "I was responsible for the 9/11 operation, from A to Z."[125][128] Mohammed confessed after waterboarding.[129] Other al-Qaeda membersIn "Substitution for Testimony of Khalid Sheikh Mohammed" from the trial of Zacarias Moussaoui, five people are identified as having been completely aware of the operation's details. They are bin Laden, Khalid Sheikh Mohammed, Ramzi bin al-Shibh, Abu Turab al-Urduni and Mohammed Atef.[130] To date, only peripheral figures have been tried or convicted for the attacks. On September 26, 2005, the Spanish high court directed by judge Baltasar Garzón sentenced Abu Dahdah to 27 years of imprisonment for conspiracy on the 9/11 attacks and being a member of the terrorist organization al-Qaeda. At the same time, another 17 al-Qaeda members were sentenced to penalties of between six and eleven years.[131][132] On February 16, 2006, the Spanish Supreme Court reduced the Abu Dahdah penalty to 12 years because it considered that his participation in the conspiracy was not proven.[133] MotivesSee also: Motives for the September 11 attacks In various pronouncements before and after the attacks,[135][136] al Qaeda explicitly cited three motives: the presence of the U.S. in Saudi Arabia,[136][137][138] U.S. support of Israel,[139] and sanctions against Iraq.[140] After the attacks, bin Laden and al-Zawahiri released additional video tapes and audio tapes, some of which repeated those reasons for the attacks. Two particularly important publications were bin Laden's 2002 "Letter to America",[141] and a 2004 video tape by bin Laden.[142] Bin Laden interpreted the Prophet Muhammad as banning the "permanent presence of infidels in Arabia".[143] In 1996, bin Laden issued a fatwā calling for American troops to get out of Saudi Arabia. In 1998, Al-Qaeda wrote "for over seven years the United States has been occupying the lands of Islam in the holiest of places, the Arabian Peninsula, plundering its riches, dictating to its rulers, humiliating its people, terrorizing its neighbors, and turning its bases in the Peninsula into a spearhead through which to fight the neighboring Muslim peoples."[144] In a December 1999 interview bin Laden said he felt that Americans were "too near to Mecca" and considered this a provocation to the entire Muslim world.[145] In his November 2002 "Letter to America", bin Laden cited the United States' support of Israel as a motivation: "The creation and continuation of Israel is one of the greatest crimes, and you are the leaders of its criminals. And of course there is no need to explain and prove the degree of American support for Israel. The creation of Israel is a crime which must be erased. Each and every person whose hands have become polluted in the contribution towards this crime must pay its price, and pay for it heavily."[146] In 2004 and 2010, bin Laden again connected the September 11 attacks with U.S. support of Israel.[147][148][149] Several analysts, including Mearsheimer and Walt, also say one motivation for the attacks was U.S.support of Israel.[145][150] In the 1998 fatwā, al-Qaeda identified the Iraq sanctions as a reason to kill Americans: "despite the great devastation inflicted on the Iraqi people by the crusader-Zionist alliance, and despite the huge number of those killed, which has exceeded 1 million... despite all this, the Americans are once against trying to repeat the horrific massacres, as though they are not content with the protracted blockade imposed after the ferocious war or the fragmentation and devastation....On that basis, and in compliance with Allah's order, we issue the following fatwā to all Muslims: The ruling to kill the Americans and their allies—civilians and military—is an individual duty for every Muslim..."[144] In addition to those cited by bin Laden and Al-Qaeda, analysts have suggested other motives, including humiliation resulting from the Islamic world falling behind the Western world - this discrepancy made especially visible by recent globalisation,[151][152] and a desire to provoke the U.S. into a broader war against the Islamic world, in the hope of motivating more allies to support al-Qaeda.[153] AftermathImmediate response Over 3000 children lost a parent.[158] Children's reactions to these actual losses and also to feared losses of life, and the protective environment in the aftermath of the attacks are well documented, as are effects on surviving caregivers.[159][160][161] For the first time in history SCATANA was invoked, establishing an ATC Zero condition, closing all airspace and immediately grounding all non-emergency civilian aircraft in the United States, Canada, and several other countries,[162] and so stranding tens of thousands of passengers across the world.[163] The Federal Aviation Administration closed American airspace to all international flights, causing about five hundred flights to be turned back or redirected to other countries. Canada received 226 of the diverted flights and launched Operation Yellow Ribbon to deal with the large numbers of grounded planes and stranded passengers.[164] Military operations following the attacksSee also: War on Terror The NATO council declared the attacks on the United States were an attack on all NATO nations and, as such, satisfied Article 5 of the NATO charter. This marked the first invocation of Article 5, which had been written during the Cold War with an attack by the Soviet Union in mind.[167] Australian Prime Minister John Howard invoked Article IV of the ANZUS treaty. The Bush administration announced a War on Terror, with the stated goals of bringing bin Laden and al-Qaeda to justice and preventing the emergence of other terrorist networks. These goals would be accomplished by means including economic and military sanctions against states perceived as harboring terrorists, and increasing global surveillance and intelligence sharing. On October 7, 2001, the War in Afghanistan began when U.S and British forces initiated aerial bombing campaigns in Afghanistan targeting Taliban and Al-Qaeda camps, then later invaded Afghanistan with ground troops of the Special Forces. The overthrow of the Taliban rule of Afghanistan by a U.S.-led coalition was the second-biggest operation of the U.S. Global War on Terrorism outside of the United States, and the largest directly connected to terrorism. The Philippines and Indonesia, among other nations with their own internal conflicts with Islamic terrorism, also increased their military readiness.[168][169] Domestic response Many relief funds were immediately set up to assist victims of the attacks, with the task of providing financial assistance to the survivors of the attacks and to the families of victims, such as the Coalition of 9/11 Families. By the deadline for victim's compensation, September 11, 2003, 2,833 applications had been received from the families of those who were killed.[172] Statement by the American President in his Address to the Nation George W. Bush's address to the people of the United States, September 11, 2001, 8:30pm EDT. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Contingency plans for the continuity of government and the evacuation of leaders were also implemented almost immediately after the attacks.[163] Congress, however, was not told that the United States was under a continuity of government status until February 2002.[173] The United States enacted the Homeland Security Act of 2002, creating the Department of Homeland Security, representing the largest restructuring of the U.S. government in contemporary history. Congress also passed the USA PATRIOT Act, stating that it would help detect and prosecute terrorism and other crimes.[174] Civil liberties groups have criticized the PATRIOT Act, saying that it allows law enforcement to invade the privacy of citizens and eliminates judicial oversight of law-enforcement and domestic intelligence gathering.[175][176][177] The Bush Administration also invoked 9/11 as the reason to initiate a secret National Security Agency operation, "to eavesdrop on telephone and e-mail communications between the United States and people overseas without a warrant".[178] Hate crimesNumerous incidents of harassment and hate crimes against Muslims and southeast Asians were reported in the days following the 9/11 attacks.[179] Sikhs were also targeted because Sikh males usually wear turbans, which are stereotypically associated with Muslims. There were reports of verbal abuse, attacks on mosques and other religious buildings (including the firebombing of a Hindu temple), and assaults on people, including one murder: Balbir Singh Sodhi was fatally shot on September 15, 2001 in Mesa, Arizona. He, like others, was a Sikh who was mistaken for a Muslim.[179] According to a study by Ball State University, people perceived to be Middle Eastern were as likely to be victims of hate crimes as followers of Islam during this time. The study also found a similar increase in hate crimes against people who may have been perceived as Muslims, Arabs and others thought to be of Middle Eastern origin.[180] A report by the South Asian American advocacy group South Asian Americans Leading Together documented media coverage of 645 bias incidents against Americans of South Asian or Middle Eastern descent between September 11 and September 17, including vandalism, arson, assault, shootings, harassment, and threats in numerous places.[181][182] Muslim American reactionMuslim organizations in the United States were swift to condemn the attacks and called "upon Muslim Americans to come forward with their skills and resources to help alleviate the sufferings of the affected people and their families".[183] These organizations included the Islamic Society of North America, American Muslim Alliance, American Muslim Council, Council on American-Islamic Relations, Islamic Circle of North America, and the Shari'a Scholars Association of North America. Along with monetary donations, many Islamic organizations launched blood drives and provided medical assistance, food, and shelter for victims.[184][185][186] International responseAs in the United States, the aftermath of the attacks saw tensions increase in other countries between Muslims and non-Muslims.[187] The attacks were denounced by mass media and governments worldwide. Across the globe, nations offered pro-American support and solidarity.[188] Leaders in most Middle Eastern countries, and Afghanistan, condemned the attacks. Iraq was a notable exception, with an immediate official statement that "the American cowboys are reaping the fruit of their crimes against humanity".[189] United Nations Security Council Resolution 1368 condemned the attacks, and expressed readiness to take all necessary steps to respond and to combat all forms of terrorism in accordance with their Charter.[10] Numerous countries introduced anti-terrorism legislation and froze bank accounts they suspected of al-Qaeda ties.[190][191] Law enforcement and intelligence agencies in a number of countries arrested a number of alleged terrorists.[192][193] Tens of thousands of people attempted to flee Afghanistan following the attacks, fearing a response by the United States. Pakistan, already home to many refugees from previous conflicts, closed its border with Afghanistan on September 17. Approximately one month after the attacks, the United States led a broad coalition of international forces to remove the Taliban regime for harboring al-Qaeda.[194] Pakistani authorities reluctantly[195] aligned themselves with the United States against the Taliban. Pakistan provided the United States a number of military bases for its attack, and arrested over 600 suspected al-Qaeda members, whom it handed over to the United States.[196] The United States set up the detention center at Guantánamo Bay to hold inmates they defined as "illegal enemy combatants". The legitimacy of these detentions has been questioned.[197][198][199] In a speech at Bar-Ilan University, Benyamin Netanyahu said: "We are benefiting from one thing, and that is the attack on the Twin Towers and Pentagon, and the American struggle in Iraq," and that the attacks "swung American public opinion in our favor."[200][201] Long-term effectsEconomic aftermathMain article: Economic effects arising from the September 11 attacks By the end of the week, the DJIA had fallen 1,369.7 points (14.3%), its then-largest one-week point drop in history, though surpassed during the global financial crisis of 2008–2009.[204] U.S. stocks lost $1.4 trillion in value for the week, [204] equivalent to $1.74 trillion in present day terms.[205] In New York City, about 430,000 job-months and $2.8 billion in wages were lost in the three months after the attacks. The economic effects were mainly on the economy's export sectors.[206] The city's GDP was estimated to have declined by $27.3 billion for the last three months of 2001 and all of 2002. The U.S. government provided $11.2 billion in immediate assistance to the Government of New York City in September 2001, and $10.5 billion in early 2002 for economic development and infrastructure needs.[207] Also hurt were small businesses in Lower Manhattan near the World Trade Center, 18,000 of which were destroyed or displaced. Assistance was provided by Small Business Administration loans, federal government Community Development Block Grants, and Economic Injury Disaster Loans.[207] Some 31,900,000 square feet (2,960,000 m2) of Lower Manhattan office space was damaged or destroyed.[208] Many wondered whether these jobs would return, and the damaged tax base recover.[209] Studies of the economic effects of 9/11 show the Manhattan office real-estate market and office employment were less affected than first feared, because of the financial services industry's need for face-to-face interaction.[210][211] North American air space was closed for several days after the attacks and air travel decreased upon its reopening, leading to a nearly 20% cutback in air travel capacity, and exacerbating financial problems in the struggling U.S. airline industry.[212] Health effectsMain article: Health effects arising from the September 11 attacks Health effects have also extended to residents, students, and office workers of Lower Manhattan and nearby Chinatown.[218] Several deaths have been linked to the toxic dust, and the victims' names will be included in the World Trade Center memorial.[219] There is also scientific speculation that exposure to various toxic products in the air may have negative effects on fetal development. A notable children's environmental health center is currently analyzing the children whose mothers were pregnant during the WTC collapse, and were living or working nearby.[220] A study of rescue workers released in April 2010 found that all those studied had impaired lung functions, and that 30-40% were reporting little or no improvement in persistent symptoms that started within the first year of the attack.[221] Legal disputes over the costs of illnesses related to the attacks are still in the court system. On October 17, 2006, a federal judge rejected New York City's refusal to pay for health costs for rescue workers, allowing for the possibility of numerous suits against the city.[222] Government officials have been faulted for urging the public to return to lower Manhattan in the weeks shortly after the attacks. Christine Todd Whitman, administrator of the EPA in the aftermath of the attacks, was heavily criticized by a U.S. District Judge for incorrectly saying that the area was environmentally safe.[223] Mayor Giuliani was criticized for urging financial industry personnel to return quickly to the greater Wall Street area.[224] Some Americans, alarmed at the prospect of flying, instead traveled by car. This resulted in an estimated 1,595 "excess" highway deaths in the ensuing year.[225] Government policies toward terrorismAs a result of the attacks, many governments across the world have passed legislation to combat terrorism.[226][227] In Germany, where several of the 9/11 terrorists had resided and taken advantage of that country's liberal asylum policies, two major anti-terrorism packages where enacted. The first removed legal loopholes that permitted terrorists to live and raise money in Germany. The second addressed the effectiveness and communication of intelligence and law enforcement.[228] Canada passed the Canadian Anti-Terrorism Act, that nation's first anti-terrorism law.[229] Great Britain passed the Anti-terrorism, Crime and Security Act 2001 and the Prevention of Terrorism Act 2005.[230][231] New Zealand enacted the Terrorism Suppression Act 2002.[227] In the United States, the Department of Homeland Security was created to coordinate domestic anti-terrorism efforts. The USA Patriot Act gave the federal government greater powers, including the authority to detain foreign terror suspects for a week without charge, to monitor telephone communications, e-mail, and Internet use by terror suspects, and to prosecute suspected terrorists without time restrictions. Critics contend the Act violates people's civil rights. The Federal Aviation Administration ordered that airplane cockpits be reinforced to prevent terrorists gaining control of planes, and assigned sky marshals to flights. Further, the Aviation and Transportation Security Act made the federal government, rather than airports, responsible for airport security. The law created a federal security force to inspect passengers and luggage, causing long delays and concern over passenger privacy.[232] InvestigationsFBI investigationMain article: PENTTBOM 9/11 CommissionMain article: 9/11 Commission Collapse of the World Trade CenterMain article: Collapse of the World Trade Center The NIST concluded that the fireproofing on the Twin Towers' steel infrastructures was blown off by the initial impact of the planes and that, had this not occurred, the towers would likely have remained standing.[240] A study published by researchers of Purdue University confirmed that, if the thermal insulation on the core columns were scoured off and column temperatures were elevated to approximately 700 °C (1,292 °F), the fire would have been sufficient to initiate collapse.[241][242] W. Gene Corley, the director of the original investigation, commented that "the towers really did amazingly well. The terrorist aircraft didn’t bring the buildings down; it was the fire which followed. It was proven that you could take out two thirds of the columns in a tower and the building would still stand."[243] The fires weakened the trusses supporting the floors, making the floors sag. The sagging floors pulled on the exterior steel columns to the point where exterior columns bowed inward. With the damage to the core columns, the buckling exterior columns could no longer support the buildings, causing them to collapse. In addition, the report asserts that the towers' stairwells were not adequately reinforced to provide emergency escape for people above the impact zones.[244] NIST concluded that uncontrolled fires in 7 WTC caused floor beams and girders to heat and subsequently "caused a critical support column to fail, initiating a fire-induced progressive collapse that brought the building down".[239] Internal review of the CIA In May 2007, senators from both the Democratic Party and the Republican Party drafted legislation that would openly present an internal CIA investigative report. One of the backers, Senator Ron Wyden stated "The American people have a right to know what the Central Intelligence Agency was doing in those critical months before 9/11." The report investigates the responsibilities of individual CIA personnel before and after the 9/11 attacks. The report was completed in 2005, but its details have never been released to the public.[246] RebuildingMain article: World Trade Center site Aside from construction of 7 World Trade Center, adjacent to the main site and completed in 2006, and the PATH station, which opened in late 2003, work on rebuilding on the main World Trade Center site was delayed until late 2006 when leaseholder Larry Silverstein and the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey came to an agreement on the financing of the new buildings.[250] The 1 World Trade Center is currently under construction at the site and at 1,776 ft (541 m) upon completion in 2011, will become one of the tallest buildings in North America, behind only the CN Tower in Toronto.[251][252] Three more towers were expected to be built between 2007 and 2012 on the site, and will be located one block east of where the original towers stood. After the late-2000s recession, the site's owners said that construction of new towers could be delayed until 2036.[253] The damaged section of the Pentagon was rebuilt and occupied within a year of the attacks.[254] MemorialsMain article: Memorials and services for the September 11 attacks The Pentagon Memorial was completed and opened to the public on the seventh anniversary of the attacks in 2008.[263][264] It consists of a landscaped park with 184 benches facing the Pentagon.[265] When the Pentagon was repaired in 2001–2002, a private chapel and indoor memorial were included, located at the spot where Flight 77 crashed into the building.[266] In Shanksville, a permanent Flight 93 National Memorial is planned to include a sculpted grove of trees forming a circle around the crash site, bisected by the plane's path, while wind chimes will bear the names of the victims.[267] A temporary memorial is located 500 yards (457 m) from the crash site.[268] New York City firefighters donated a cross made of steel from the World Trade Center and mounted on top of a platform shaped like the Pentagon.[269] It was installed outside the firehouse on August 25, 2008.[270] Many other permanent memorials are being constructed elsewhere, and scholarships and charities have been established by the victims' families, along with many other organizations and private figures.[271] On every anniversary, in New York City, the names of the victims who died at that location are read out against a background of somber music. The President of the United States also attends a memorial service at the Pentagon.[272] Smaller services are held in Shanksville, Pennsylvania, which are usually attended by the President's spouse. Final resting place for WTC victimsFollowing the attacks, the Fresh Kills Landfill on Staten Island was temporarily reopened to receive and process much of the debris from the destruction of the World Trade Center. The debris contained the remains of many of the victims; much of it in the form of dust and small fragments. In August 2005, 17 plaintiffs, claiming to have support from 1,000 other relatives, filed a case in court to have the City of New York move nearly one million tons of material to another location where it would be sifted and placed in a cemetery. Norman Siegel, the lawyer for the plaintiffs, stated "It comes down to this: Are we prepared to leave hundreds of body parts and human remains on top of a garbage dump?" James E. Tyrrell, a lawyer representing the city, argued "You have to be able to particularize and say it's your body part. All that's left here is a bunch of undifferentiated dust."[273][274] On March 26, 2010, families of 9/11 victims received notice that the city will conduct a sifting operation for World Trade Center remains at the Fresh Kills Landfill. The operation is scheduled to take three months at an estimated cost of $1.4 million. Anthropologists and other trained professionals will carefully evaluate and search the material, and potential remains will be sent for further testing to the laboratories of the Office of the Chief Medical Examiner.[275] On October 4, 2010, the United States Supreme Court rejected an appeal by some families of 9/11 victims to require a more thorough examination of material from the WTC site to check for human remains before disposal. They claimed that some of the material (223,000 tons out of approximately 1.65 million) had either not been screened or not screened adequately, and that a landfill was not a proper resting place for material that may still contain remains of victims. City officials said that they spent 10 months carefully examining the material for human remains before sending it to the landfill. Lower federal courts had already rejected the lawsuit by the families against the City of New York.[276] See also Aviation portal
Elephant in the room - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Origins - Usage - See also - Notes►The elephant in the room Philadelphia Inquirer - 13 hours ago
Magic in trunk of this 'Elephant' Elephant Room. It's all a big joke, right? Geoff Sobelle, Trey Lyford, and actor/magician Steve Cuiffo are three magic-making alter egos clad in mustaches, cheesy wigs, and costumes (by Chrystal Weatherly) suitable for a velvet Elvis. Their characters - Dennis Diamond, Daryl Hannah, and Louie Magic - have their own Facebook friends and hard-luck tales. Sound designer Nick Kourtides piles on with Windham Hill-style new-age synthesizers and '90s-era rock ballads, and we all laugh heartily while enjoying some clumsy feats of prestidigitation. The end. Or is it? It is not. The elephant in this room represents a quest for authentic identity and the lengths to which we go to hide this truth from ourselves. Of course, it's also about what we are willing to believe, even when reason tells us otherwise; that's where the real magic happens. Our threesome tours past Ganesh, the Dalai Lama, and Native American shamanism, director Paul Lazar guiding them to part and coalesce in and out of scenes like a single slippery organism. They're vulnerable, ridiculous, we empathize, and before long, we hardly notice we've been nudged along their path with a pointed purpose and manipulative - perhaps sociopathic - charm that belies the show's goofy conceit.
Read more: http://www.philly.com/philly/entertainment/129277903.html#ixzz1XCzC8wUd
Search ResultsElephant in the room - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Elephant in the roomFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaJump to: navigation, search It is based on the idea that an elephant in a room would be impossible to overlook; thus, people in the room who pretend the elephant is not there have chosen to avoid dealing with the looming big issue. Contents [hide] [edit] OriginsThe Oxford English Dictionary gives the first recorded use of the phrase, as a simile, as The New York Times on June 20, 1959: "Financing schools has become a problem about equal to having an elephant in the living room. It's so big you just can't ignore it."[2] This idiomatic expression was in general use much earlier than 1959. For example, the phrase appears 44 years earlier in the pages of a British journal in 1915. The sentence was presented as a trivial illustration of a question British schoolboys would be able to answer, e.g., "Is there an elephant in the class-room?"[3] In 1927 Ernest Hemingway wrote a short story "Hills Like White Elephants" in which a young couple have a tense conversation then after the mountain's elephant like appearance is brought up, a prolonged discussion about an operation (assumed as an abortion) is argued which leads to the story's conflict. A slightly different version of the phrase was used prior to this, with George Berkeley talking of whether or not there is "an invisible elephant in the room" in his debates with scientists.[4] [edit] UsageThe term refers to a question, problem, solution, or controversial issue that is obvious, but which is ignored by a group of people, generally because it causes embarrassment or is taboo. The idiom can imply a value judgment that the issue ought to be discussed openly, or it can simply be an acknowledgment that the issue is there and not going to go away by itself. The term is often used to describe an issue that involves a social taboo, such as race, religion, or even suicide. This idiomatic phrase is applicable when a subject is emotionally charged; and the people who might have spoken up decide that it is probably best avoided.[5] The idiom is commonly used in addiction recovery terminology to describe the reluctance of friends and family of an addicted person to discuss the person's problem, thus aiding the person's denial. Especially in reference to alcohol abuse, the idiom is sometimes coupled with that of the pink elephant, q.v. "the pink elephant in the room." For some, their first encounter with this phrase comes through the poem of the same name by Terry Kettering.[6] [edit] SimilarThe phrase "800 lb gorilla (in the room)" is a similar idiomatic expression; however, it refers to a large, unstoppable individual or organization that can exert its will as it desires, even if people do their best to ignore it (e.g. "Characterized by the leading fly-fishing trade journal as an '800-pound gorilla' in the fly-fishing industry, Orvis is recognized for its 'unparalleled influence on the sport'.")[7] Another popular variation is the phrase "elephant in the corner" which is widely used to the same effect.[8] Mixing metaphors, in 2011 former Arkansas governor Mike Huckabee referred to the healthcare plan instituted by former Massachusetts governor Mitt Romney as "the 800-pound elephant in the room".[9] [edit] See alsoSkeleton in the cupboard
Auld Lang Syne - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auld_Lang_Syne Auld Lang Syne 1] is a Scots poem written by Robert Burns in 1788 and set to the tune of a traditional folk song (Roud # 6294). It is well known in many countries ... History - Lyrics - Melody - Uses Should auld acquaintance be forgot, English translation Should old acquaintance be forgot,
A history of Magic and Alchemy 1998 Michael Baigent And Richard Leigh Page 43 " The most famous, important and influential of Arab alchem-ists C. J. S.Thompson Page 31 / 32 note 1 Julius Ruska ,Tabula Smaragdini 1926 "A translation from an Arab collection of commentaries of the early twelth century known as " "True it is, without falsehood certain most true.That which is
The Lure and Romance of Alchemy A history of the secret link between magic and science Page 33 " In the account of the emerald tablet given by Roger Bacon in the Secretum Secretorum it is stated that "It may be well to quote another and freer translation of this historic text;" is like that which is below to accomplish the miracles of One Page 205 "As above, so below," is an expression which refers to cosmoses. "Now you have some idea of the laws governing the life of the macrocosmos and have returned to the earth. Recall to yourself: "as above, so below" I think that already, without any further explanation, you will not dispute the statement that the life of individual man - the microcosmos - is governed by the same laws - "Glimpses of Truth."
APOCATASTASIS = 144 36 3+6 = 9 = 3+6 144 = APOCATASTASIS
CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Apocatastasis www.newadvent.org › Catholic Encyclopedia › ACached - SimilarNot helpful? You can block www.newadvent.org results when you're signed in to search.www.newadvent.org
Apocatastasis (Greek, apokatastasis; Latin, restitutio in pristinum statum, restoration to the original condition). A name given in the history of theology to the doctrine which teaches that a time will come when all free creatures will share in the grace of salvation; in a special way, the devils and lost souls. The doctrine, then, was first taught by Origen, and by Clement of Alexandria, and was an influence in their Christianity due to Platonism, as Petavius has plainly shown (Theol. dogmat. De Angelis, 106), following St. Augustine City of God XXI.13. Compare Janet, "La philosophiede Platon" (Paris, 1869), I, 603. It is evident, moreover, that the doctrine involves a purely natural scheme of divine justice and of redemption. (Plato, Republic, X, 614b.) It was through Origen that the Platonist doctrine of the apokatastasis passed to St. Gregory of Nyssa, and simultaneously to St. Jerome, at least during the time that St. Jerome was an Origenist. It is certain, however, that St. Jerome understands it only of the baptized: "In restitutione omnium, quando corpus totius ecclesiæ nunc dispersum atque laceratum, verus medicus Christus Jesus sanaturus advenerit, unusquisque secundum mensuram fidei et cognitionis Filii Dei . . . suum recipiet locum et incipiet id esse quod fuerat" (Comment. in Eph., iv, 16; P.G., XXVI, col. 503). Everywhere else St. Jerome teaches that the punishment of the devils and of the impious, that is of those who have not come to the Faith, shall be eternal. (See Petavius, Theol. dogmat. De Angelis, 111, 112.) The "Ambrosiaster" on the other hand seems to have extended the benefits of redemption to the devils, (In Eph., iii, 10; P.L., XVII, col. 382), yet the interpretation of the "Ambrosiaster" on this point is not devoid of difficulty. [See Petavius, p. 111; also, Turmel, Histoire de la théologie positive, depuis l'origine, etc. (Paris, 1904) 187.] From the moment, however, that anti-Origenism prevailed, the doctrine of the apokatastasis was definitely abandoned. St. Augustine protests more strongly than any other writer against an error so contrary to the doctrine of the necessity of grace. See, especially, his "De gestis Pelagii", I: "In Origene dignissime detestatur Ecclesia, quod et iam illi quos Dominus dicit æterno supplicio puniendos, et ipse diabolus et angeli eius, post tempus licet prolixum purgati liberabuntur a poenis, et sanctis cum Deo regnantibus societate beatitudinis adhærebunt." Augustine here alludes to the sentence pronounced against Pelagius by the Council of Diospolis, in 415 (P.L., XLIV, col. 325). He moreover recurs to the subject in many passages of his writings, and in City of God XXI sets himself earnestly to prove the eternity of punishment as against the Platonist and Origenist error concerning its intrinsically purgatorial character. We note, further, that the doctrine of the apokatastasis was held in the East, not only by St. Gregory of Nyssa, but also by St. Gregory of Nazianzus as well; "De seipso", 566 (P.G., XXXVII, col. 1010), but the latter, though he asks the question, finally decides neither for nor against it, but rather leaves the answer to God. Köstlin, in the "Realencyklopädie für protestantische Theologie" (Leipzig, 1896), I, 617, art. "Apokatastasis", names Diodorus of Tarsus and Theodore of Mopsuestia as having also held the doctrine of apokatastasis, but cites no passage in support of his statement. In any case, the doctrine was formally condemned in the first of the famous anathemas pronounced at the Council of Constantinople in 543: Ei tis ten teratode apokatastasis presbeuei anathema esto [See, also, Justinian, Liber adversus Originem, anathemas 7 and 9.] The doctrine was thenceforth looked on as heterodox by the Church. It was destined, nevertheless, to be revived in the works of ecclesiastical writers, and it would be interesting to verify Köstlin's and Bardenhewer's statement that it is to be traced in Bar Sudaili, Dionysius the Areopagite, Maximus the Confessor, Scotus Erigena, and Amalric of Bena. It reappears at the Reformation in the writings of Denk (d. 1527), and Harnack has not hesitated to assert that nearly all the Reformers were apocatastasists at heart, and that it accounts for their aversion to the traditional teaching concerning the sacraments (Dogmengeschichte, III, 661). The doctrine of apokatastasis viewed as a belief in a universal salvation is found among the Anabaptists, the Moravian Brethren, the Christadelphians, among rationalistic Protestants, and finally among the professed Universalists. It has been held, also, by such philosophic Protestants as Schleiermacher, and by a few theologians, Farrar, for instance, in England, Eckstein and Pfister in Germany, Matter in France. Consult Köstlin, art. cit., and Grétillut, "Exposé de théologie systématique" (Paris, 1890), IV, 603.
Lyrics Precious angel, under the sun Read more: http://www.bobdylan.com/us/songs/precious-angel#ixzz2EIv8Z5Pr
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